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The article is devoted to current epidemiological, social and economic aspects of parenteral viral hepatitis B and C. Statistical data on the incidence, prevalence, outcomes for viral hepatitides are provided. Prior medical and social factors influencing the formation of the epidemiological situation and the activity of infection with viral hepatitis B and C, including gaining the importance of the prevalence of parenterally transmitted viral hepatitis among drinkers, drug users, and HIV infected cases have been analyzed. The issues of economic losses and economic costs required to treat patients with viral hepatitis at various stages of infection were exhaustively covered. On the base of international recommendations a list of medical and social activities for prevention of chronic viral hepatitis B and C was given, the ways to reduce the prevalence of these socially significant diseases were proposed.

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