The Medico-Social Aspects of Viral Hepatitides With the Parenteral Way of Transmission

Kosagovskaya, I.; Volchkova, E. V

doi:10.17816/eid40715

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases

2013

DOI: 10.17816/eid40715

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The Medico-Social Aspects of Viral Hepatitides With the Parenteral Way of Transmission

I. Kosagovskaya

E. V Volchkova

Abstract: The article is devoted to current epidemiological, social and economic aspects of parenteral viral hepatitis B and C. Statistical data on the incidence, prevalence, outcomes for viral hepatitides are provided. Prior medical and social factors influencing the formation of the epidemiological situation and the activity of infection with viral hepatitis B and C, including gaining the importance of the prevalence of parenterally transmitted viral hepatitis among drinkers, drug users, and HIV infected cases have be… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

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Chronic Viral Hepatitis C: The Evolution of Scientific Views

Valetskyi¹,

Zak²,

Chernyshov³

et al. 2020

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

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The problem of infection with viral hepatitis C is relevant nowadays. Despite the fact that scientists are still searching for new methods of treating this infectious disease, the main problems are complications that develop over the years in patients with hepatitis C. Fibrosis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and different extrahepatic manifestations are the main causes of death. Even complete elimination of the virus after direct antiviral therapy does not stop developing of complications which effect on life expectancy. We cannot speak about morbidity because of the fact that viral hepatitis C is most often diagnosed at the stage of complications. All this is due to the asymptomatic, chronic development of this disease. We still diagnose complications from viral hepatitis C, but the infection could have happened 10 years ago. Human immunodeficiency virus is frequently found in patients with viral hepatitis C, which is most often directly related to the features of the mechanism of infection and transmission routes. The presence of untreated human immunodeficiency virus is a poor prognostic sign. This co-infection can affect the rate of development of complications and the general severity of the disease. Prevalence rate are still high, despite the development of various preventive measures to reduce infection with the listed above viruses, such as the free distribution of disposable syringes, barrier contraceptives, widespread promotion of a healthy lifestyle, informing the population about the danger of infection, etc. The lack of reliable and high-quality statistical information on the prevalence of viral hepatitis, both monoinfection and in association with human immunodeficiency virus is very important issue in Ukraine. There is also a small amount of data about the dominance of certain genotypes in different parts of our country. This absence information interferes with a clear understanding of the leading routes of transmission of infection and a targeted impact on them. There are also no clear screening programs for groups of risk. There are problems with clear control over patients, especially over those who have successfully completed antiviral therapy. This category of patients disappears from the control of medical workers. They often do not know that the absence of the virus in the blood still leaves a high risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver and other complications, because the liver was previously compromised. This once again proves the importance of dispensary observation of all treated patients, not depending on their response to therapy

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Chronic Viral Hepatitis C: The Evolution of Scientific Views

Valetskyi¹,

Zak²,

Chernyshov³

et al. 2020

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Structure of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes/Subtypes in Adult Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C in the Moscow Region

Кудрявцева¹,

Korabelnikova²,

Богомолов³

et al. 2016

Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention

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The structure of HCV genotypes/subtypes and dynamics of its changes in a cohort of adult patients with chronic hepatitis C (n = 17229) was studied during 2008-2015 in the Moscow region. The prevalence of subtypes 1b and 3A HCV, whose relative density have made 47.5% (95%CI 46.8 - 48.3%) and 39.4% (95% CI 38.7 - 40.2 per cent) respectively was revealed. The average proportion of subtype 1A HCV was 5.4% (95%CI of 5.1 - 5.8%) and genotype 2 - 7.2% (95% CI 6,8 - 7,6%). It was established that the dynamics of 1b subtype HCV relative density was characterized by a moderate decline rate of 1.3% per year, while the proportion of subtype 3A HCV increased (+2.9% per year). The differences in the ratio of subtypes 1b and 3A HCV were revealed when dividing the patients by gender. The subtype 1b HCV was more frequently identified in women during the observation period. In the cohort of male patients a shift of the leading HCV subtype was detected - since 2010, the 3A subtype HCV was identified with a higher frequency than subtype 1b HCV. It was shown that in patients under 30 years the proportion of subtype 3A HCV was higher than in the age group older than 30 years, regardless of gender.

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Vaccination Effect on Epidemic Process of Viral Hepatitis B In Republic of Belarus

Высоцкая¹,

Волченко²,

Коломиец³

et al. 2019

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

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Relevance.Hepatitis B (HB) has a global range of spread; in the WHO European Region alone, approximately 15 million people suffer from a chronic form of infection, which in 20–30% of patients can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The aim of this paper was to analyze the of the HBV epidemic process manifestations on territory of Republic of Belarus from 1965 to 2017 and to assess the epidemiological effectiveness of vaccine prevention.Materials and methods.To assess the incidence and coverage of prophylactic vaccinations against HB-infection in the general population and its individual groups, data from the state statistical reporting «Report on certain infectious and parasitic diseases and their carriers», «Report on prophylactic vaccinations», and other medical documentation were used. Results and discussion. Introduction of hepatitis B vaccination of newborns and certain adults groups allowed reducing incidence hepatitis B (HB) rate among total population by 5.4 times in 2017 (14.93 cases per 100,000 population). Incidence rate among child population decreased by 82,8 times (from 4.97 cases per 100,000 child population to 0.06 in 2016). There is direct correlation was established between acute viral hepatitis incidence rate and vaccination coverage level (r = –0.85, p ≤ 0.05). In the last 5 years, the maximum incidence rate of all forms of HB has been marked in group of 30–39 years (68.3% of all registered cases), vaccination coverage of necessary groups is 27.9%. The total populational vaccination coverage by 01.01.2018 is 37.1%, child population is 98.0%.Conclusion.However, a certain number of children remains unvaccinated due to long-term and permanent contraindications or vaccine refuse. If achieved levels of HB vaccination are maintained over the next 20 years, population up to 40 years old will have a recommended level of immunization coverage above 98%, and population up to 45 years old – 96%. Such vaccination coverage will provide background and conditions for HB epidemic situation changing.

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The Medico-Social Aspects of Viral Hepatitides With the Parenteral Way of Transmission

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Chronic Viral Hepatitis C: The Evolution of Scientific Views

Chronic Viral Hepatitis C: The Evolution of Scientific Views

The Structure of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes/Subtypes in Adult Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C in the Moscow Region

Vaccination Effect on Epidemic Process of Viral Hepatitis B In Republic of Belarus

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