Relevance.Hepatitis B (HB) has a global range of spread; in the WHO European Region alone, approximately 15 million people suffer from a chronic form of infection, which in 20–30% of patients can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The aim of this paper was to analyze the of the HBV epidemic process manifestations on territory of Republic of Belarus from 1965 to 2017 and to assess the epidemiological effectiveness of vaccine prevention.Materials and methods.To assess the incidence and coverage of prophylactic vaccinations against HB-infection in the general population and its individual groups, data from the state statistical reporting «Report on certain infectious and parasitic diseases and their carriers», «Report on prophylactic vaccinations», and other medical documentation were used. Results and discussion. Introduction of hepatitis B vaccination of newborns and certain adults groups allowed reducing incidence hepatitis B (HB) rate among total population by 5.4 times in 2017 (14.93 cases per 100,000 population). Incidence rate among child population decreased by 82,8 times (from 4.97 cases per 100,000 child population to 0.06 in 2016).  There is direct correlation was established between acute viral hepatitis incidence rate and vaccination coverage level (r = –0.85, p ≤ 0.05). In the last 5 years, the maximum incidence rate of all forms of HB has been marked in group of 30–39 years (68.3% of all registered cases), vaccination coverage of necessary groups is 27.9%. The total populational vaccination coverage by 01.01.2018 is 37.1%, child population is 98.0%.Conclusion.However, a certain number of children remains unvaccinated due to long-term and permanent contraindications or vaccine refuse. If achieved levels of HB vaccination are maintained over the next 20 years, population up to 40 years old will have a recommended level of immunization coverage above 98%, and population up to 45 years old – 96%. Such vaccination coverage will provide background and conditions for HB epidemic situation changing.

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Purpose. Determine the features of long-term dynamics of invasive and preinvasive cervical cancer (CC) in Gomel region over 1990-2010 and to determine the level of awareness about CC prevention in different population groups. Material and methods. Retrospective epidemiological analysis, method of questioning and statistical information processing were applied. The results. It was found out that there is positive tendency of manifestations of the CC epidemic process in Gomel region in comparison with the national indices whereas the long-term levels of the CC incidence and mortality rates in Gomel region were higher that average ones. The study revealed a low level of knowledge about CC and its prevention among different population groups. Conclusions. It was calculated that the introduction of the diagnosis of human papillomaviruses (HPV) by PCR in Gomel region since 2002 led to twice intense preinvasive CC detection and more frequent diagnosis of invasive CC stage I than in Belarus in general. The study shows the limiting role of the low awareness of CC in the implementation of preventive measures.

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The article presents the results of analytical case-control study of the identifying factors associated with high carcinogenic risk for HPV infection in general women`s population and in group under 30. The study reveals a correlation between the high risk for the HPV-infection and chronic inflammation (OR 18,1; 95 % CI 2,4-133,8), pathological transformation zone of cervical epithelium (OR 5,0; 95 % CI 1,2-21,6), urogenital infection (OR 2,2; 95 % CI 1,6-3,1), sexual conduct (OR 3,0; 95 % CI 1,8-4,9), smoking (OR 1,7; CI 1,1-2,6), drinking (OR 1,5; CI 1,0-2,1). On the contrary, married status (OR 0.7; 0,5 % CI 0,5-0,97) and stable sexual partner (OR 0,3, 95 % CI 0,2-0,6) were factors associated with low prevalence of HPV infection.