Worldwide in recent years there has been a big interest in the problem of diagnosis and treatment of asthma in the gestation period, occurring, according to various sources, in 1–13.8% of pregnant women. The aim of the work was to determine the clinical and functional characteristics of the course of asthma during pregnancy and the postpartum period, including patients with repeated pregnancies and childbirth. 102 patients with asthma were examined in dynamics of pregnancy and the postpartum period lasting from 3 months to 3 years. There were used clinical and medical history data, integrated monitoring of clinical syndromes, testing using Asthma Control Test (ASTTM), research of lung function, day monitoring of airway conductance parameters, evaluation of the impact of birth stress on adaptation reserves and the condition of the natural resistance of the body by the blood count. Dynamics of asthma course in the gestation period looked as follows: worsening of the course was observed in 44% of patients, often with non-allergic and mixed forms of the disease; without significant dynamics there were 39.2% of patients, improvement was observed in 9.8%, mainly at mild persistent allergic asthma. In the postpartum period 34.3% of patients showed improvement, 41.2% did not have any dynamics, and 24.5% had worsening of symptoms, mainly they were with moderate and severe asthma. The influence of some factors on the asthma dynamics during gestation and the postpartum period was found out. They were the severity of the disease, the presence of extra pulmonary allergic diseases, multivalent sensitization, chronic diseases of upper respiratory tract, ARVI and the way medical recommendations were followed by patients.

Organization of time of external respiration function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied. According to the analysis of individual parameters of circadian rhythms of the respiratory function in patients with COPD it was found that in the process of increasing the severity of the disease weight of persons with daytime biorhythm was decreasing, and the number of patients with the eveningtime and then also with the morningtime biorhythm of the respiratory system were increasing as well. Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the circadian rhythms of breathing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes constitute the leading group of chronic diseases-which accounts over 30% of all forms of human pathology, COPD is a global world public health problem. According to the data of various researchers, this disease affects from 4-6% to 10-25% of the adult population and it is characterized by the prevalence of sustained growth in both developed and developing countries [1, 2, 4, 5]. The aim of the work was to study the condition of the circadian rhythms of the respiratory system in COPD patients depending on the severity of the disease. Materials and methods. Due to the tasks 104 COPD patients aged from 44 to 67 years with disease duration from 1 year to 10 years were selected. Depending on the severity of the disease, patients were divided into groups. Group I included 17 patients with mild disease severity. II Group of patients consisted of 29 patients with moderately severe COPD severity. Group III consisted of 29 patients with severe COPD. IV group included 11 patients with critical COPD severity. Control group included 15 healthy persons-9 men and 6 women, whose average age was 53,1 ± 2,76, with no clinical signs of acute or chronic diseases of the respiratory tract and without any respiratory diseases in their history. External respiration function was assessed using «Fucuda» spirometer (Japan) 4 times a day (at 06.00, 12.00, 18.00 and 24.00) for two days in a row. We analyzed the following parameters of respiratory function: vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), the ratio of FEV1 and FVC in percentage, the peak expiratory low (PEF), the maximum expiratory low at the level of 75%, 50% and 25% of forced vital capacity (MEF75, MEF50, MEF25 respectively). All igures were calculated automatically according to the anthropological data, ambient temperature, were relected on the screen and recorded by means of the printing device. During the evaluation of the main spirographic indicators (VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV / VC %) and indicators of the graph of the low of forced expiratory (PEF MEF25-75) the proper values were considered. Statistical analysis was performed by means of kosinor analysis to estimate the parameters of circadian rhythms of biomedical parameters (F.Halberg, 1969), Statistica software v. 6.0. (StatSoft Inc., 1984-2001). Minimum passabilityof the large bronchi was...

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Chronobiological aspects of blood gas composition in 24 patients with COPD were studied. To achieve this goal, the gas composition of the arterialized capillary blood simultaneously with the investigation of respiratory function was studied with an interval of 6 hours over 2 days. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD two types of gas composition of blood biorhythm – daytime and nighttime – were found. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe disease 3 types of biorhythm of partial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension – morning time, noontime and evening time were registered. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD gas composition of blood was characterized by significant degrees of freedom in relation to functioning of the respiratory system, which indicated the stored processes of adaptation to changing conditions of the external and internal environment. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe COPD at the moment of acrophase of circadian rhythm of lung function maximum partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized capillary blood was observed. During the batiphaze of circadian rhythm of the respiratory system the highest values of the partial carbon dioxide tension were revealed. Thus, it was found out that with the growth of the severity of the disease in patients with COPD abnormal rhythms of blood gas composition are registered; the dependence of circadian rhythm of blood gas composition on the functioning of the respiratory apparatus increases.

SUMMARY We studied the histological specimens of 62 patients who died from fibrocavernous pulmonary tuberculosis with multidrug-resistant (28 patients), poly-resistant (18 patients) and sensitive strains of mycobacteria (16 patients).A number of features have been revealed that indicate a rapid, progressive course of the destructive tuberculous process in the lungs, with the most significant morphological changes occurring in people with multiresistant forms of lesion. This process is characterized by more pronounced specific inflammatory changes in the lung tissue: the presence of granulomas with central caseous necrosis, granulomas containing Pirogov cells, long-lasting granulomas with proliferation of fibrous connective tissue around them, lymphoid cell clusters in fibrous tissue in the pericavitic zones, as well as a large the number of lymphoid cells in the granulation and fibrous layers of the cavity.