No abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui fermentasi rumen dan sintesia protein mikroba pada kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE) melalui pemberian tiga jenis ransum. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga kelompok kambing berdasarkan berat badan. Ransum disusun berdasarkan bahan kering (BK) : (A) rumput gajah 15% + jerami padi 20% + gamal 25% + kaliandra 10% + konsentrat 30%; (B) rumput gajah 30% + gamal 30% + konsentrat 40% dan (C) rumput gajah 20% + gamal 20% + konsentrat 60%. Peubah yang diukur adalah fermentasi rumen dan sintesis protein mikroba. Data dianalisa dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pH cairan rumen, Non Glucogenik Ratio (NGR), dan N-NH3 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05) di antara semua perlakuan. Produksi asam asetat nyata (P<0,05) tertinggi pada kambing yang mendapat perlakuan A dibandingkan pada kambing yang mendapat perlakuan B dan C yaitu berturut-turut: 31,89; 23,44 dan 22,49 mMol. Kambing yang mendapat perlakuan A memproduksi asam propionat nyata (P<0,05) tertinggi dibanding kambing yang mendapat perlakuan B dan C yaitu masing-masing: 12,82; 8,74; dan 10,04 mMol. Sintesis protein mikroba nyata (P<0,05) tertinggi pada kambing yang mendapat perlakuan A yaitu 6,66 g/e/h, sementara kambing yang mendapat perlakuan B dan C masing-masing 5,37 dan 5,60 g/e/h. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum dengan hijauan beragam akan meningkatkan produksi asam asetat, propionat dan sintesis protein mikroba kambing PE

Budiasa IW, Santosa IGN, Ambarawati IGAA, Suada IK, Sunarta IN, Shchegolkova N. 2018. Feasibility study and carrying capacity of Lake Batur ecosystem to preserve tilapia fish farming in Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 563-570. Lake Batur in Bangli District was potential for fishery development up to 5% of the total water area. Currently the lake area used for fishery was only 6.28 ha, leaving the area up to 77.07 ha potential for fishery development. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the most abundant fish in the lake. This research aimed to evaluate the financial feasibility of tilapia fish farming with Floating Net Cages (FNC) technology within the lake and to assess its carrying capacity for the tilapia aquaculture. Discounted investment criteria were used to test farm survey data from 30 tilapia fish growers at top three villages which had the largest number of FNC. Six water samples were taken using deep water sampler at three sampling points were analyzed to see a number water chemistry and physics condition. The results showed that economic life of a FNC was financially feasible as indicated by the positive Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) was greater than 9% and Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C) was greater than one; and however the water quality as indicated by value of TDS, NO2, BOD, Total-P, NH3, and P-PO4 exceeded the maximum limit of water quality criteria class II based on Government of Indonesia Regulation No. 82/2001. Thus, FNC should not be more expanded within the lake due to water pollution of the lake.

Rice farming is susceptible to failure due to several risks including natural disasters of flood and drought as well as pest and disease attacks. Risk mitigation such as agricultural insurance is required to cope with the risks. This study aims to portray rice production risks to failure and farmer's perception on the implementation of agricultural insurance in Bali province. Three regencies were selected purposively based on the area insured. A survey was conducted to 180 respondents who paid for the agricultural insurance (AUTP). Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis and chi-square test. Results of the research show that most rice farming risks to failure in Bali were blast and rat attacks. In terms of agricultural insurance implementation, all farmers accept the program as a mitigation risk to bridge rice farming failure. However, most farmers (85 %) asked for fully support of premium subsidy from the government while the rest agreed to pay for a-20 % of the premium. The result from the Chi-square test shows insignificant, implying that the distribution of farmers' perception towards full subsidy of agricultural insurance is indifferent across locations. Implication of the study noted that the government and insurer need to socialize the agricultural insurance program more intensively covering premium payment, coverage and claiming.Abstrak: Usaha tani padi sangat rentan terhadap kegagalan panen yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti bencana alam banjir dan kekeringan serta serangan hama penyakit tanaman. Mitigasi risiko seperti asuransi pertanian diperlukan untuk menjembatani risiko kegagalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan risiko kegagalan panen dan persepsi petani tentang penerapan asuransi pertanian di Provinsi Bali. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di tiga kabupaten yang dipilih secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan luas lahan sawah yang diasuransikan. Jumlah responden ditentukan sebanyak 180 orang yang telah mengikuti program asuransi usaha tani Padi (AUTP) dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa survey. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani padi di Bali menghadapi risiko utama dari kegagalan panen adalah adanya serangan blast dan hama tikus. Dalam penerapan asuransi, seluruh petani menganggap bahwa AUTP merupakan program mitigasi risiko terhadap kegagalan panen. Namun sebanyak 85% petani mengharapkan subsidi sepenuhnya dari pemerintah untuk pembayaran premi dan hanya 15% yang mau membayar premi penuh. Hasil uji Chi-sguare menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang nyata persepsi petani antar kabupaten yang meminta subsidi penuh dari pemerintah. Implikasi kebijakan dari penelitian ini adalah perluya sosialisasi yang lebih mendalam dari pemerintah dan perusahaan asuransi tentang pembayaran premi, biaya tertanggung dan klaim asuransi.Kata kunci: risiko produksi, asuransi pertanian, persepsi petani, AUTP, Chi-square

This study aims to formulate a regional food security model based on the relationship between characteristics of the area of production, consumption and entrepreneurship with the performance of community food business development (PUPM) in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The research sample consisted of 93 rice farmers, 96 rice consumers and 30 business people representing the Association of Farmers' Groups (Gapoktan) and the Indonesian Farmers Shop (TTI) owners, accounting for the total respondents to 219 people. Data analysis was using Smart-PLS. The results of the analysis show that the performance of the PUPM in NTT which is influenced by the characteristics of the production, consumption and entrepreneurship areas has only been achieved at a sufficient level. The analysis also shows that the new PUPM activities in NTT are able to fulfill aspects of access and stability, while the availability aspect is still very small. Nevertheless, this study has proven that the regional food security model in NTT can be realized through community food business development activities.