Rice farming is susceptible to failure due to several risks including natural disasters of flood and drought as well as pest and disease attacks. Risk mitigation such as agricultural insurance is required to cope with the risks. This study aims to portray rice production risks to failure and farmer's perception on the implementation of agricultural insurance in Bali province. Three regencies were selected purposively based on the area insured. A survey was conducted to 180 respondents who paid for the agricultural insurance (AUTP). Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis and chi-square test. Results of the research show that most rice farming risks to failure in Bali were blast and rat attacks. In terms of agricultural insurance implementation, all farmers accept the program as a mitigation risk to bridge rice farming failure. However, most farmers (85 %) asked for fully support of premium subsidy from the government while the rest agreed to pay for a-20 % of the premium. The result from the Chi-square test shows insignificant, implying that the distribution of farmers' perception towards full subsidy of agricultural insurance is indifferent across locations. Implication of the study noted that the government and insurer need to socialize the agricultural insurance program more intensively covering premium payment, coverage and claiming.Abstrak: Usaha tani padi sangat rentan terhadap kegagalan panen yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti bencana alam banjir dan kekeringan serta serangan hama penyakit tanaman. Mitigasi risiko seperti asuransi pertanian diperlukan untuk menjembatani risiko kegagalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan risiko kegagalan panen dan persepsi petani tentang penerapan asuransi pertanian di Provinsi Bali. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di tiga kabupaten yang dipilih secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan luas lahan sawah yang diasuransikan. Jumlah responden ditentukan sebanyak 180 orang yang telah mengikuti program asuransi usaha tani Padi (AUTP) dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa survey. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani padi di Bali menghadapi risiko utama dari kegagalan panen adalah adanya serangan blast dan hama tikus. Dalam penerapan asuransi, seluruh petani menganggap bahwa AUTP merupakan program mitigasi risiko terhadap kegagalan panen. Namun sebanyak 85% petani mengharapkan subsidi sepenuhnya dari pemerintah untuk pembayaran premi dan hanya 15% yang mau membayar premi penuh. Hasil uji Chi-sguare menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang nyata persepsi petani antar kabupaten yang meminta subsidi penuh dari pemerintah. Implikasi kebijakan dari penelitian ini adalah perluya sosialisasi yang lebih mendalam dari pemerintah dan perusahaan asuransi tentang pembayaran premi, biaya tertanggung dan klaim asuransi.Kata kunci: risiko produksi, asuransi pertanian, persepsi petani, AUTP, Chi-square

Subak merupakan organisasi kemasyarakatan yang ada di Bali yang khusus mengatur sistem pembagian air secara tradisional di sawah untuk bercocok tanam padi. Dengan perkembangan jaman yang pesat ini, keberadaan subak terancam karena adanya alih fungsi lahan ke penggunaan lain di luar sektor pertanian yang menyebabkan ruang terbuka hijau akan semakin berkurang. Jasa lingkungan merupakan jasa yang diberikan oleh fungsi ekosistem yang memiliki manfaat langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap kehidupan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan kualitas tanah yang ada di subak pada saat sebelum tanam dan sesudah panen untuk melihat kontribusi subak terhadap lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survei dan uji laboratorium untuk menganalisis sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling, dengan lokasi subak sampel yaitu Subak Kerdung, Subak Jatiluwih dan Subak Lotunduh. Kualitas tanah dinilai dengan menggunakan teknik penilaian berdasakan parameter fisik dan kimia tanah. Parameter yang diamati yaitu sifat fisik tanah yang meliputi tekstur, porositas, kapasitas lapang, berat jenis dan berat volume. Sifat kimia tanah yang dianalisis meliputi pH, N-total, K-tersedia, P-tersedia, KTK dan C-Organik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perubahan kualitas tanah pada lahan subak sangat baik. Dari segi sifat fisik tanah yaitu meningkatnya porositas menjadikan meningkatnya kemampuan tanah dalam mengikat air. Penurunan berat volume tanah pada masing – masing subak sampel menjadikan tanah lebih gembur sehingga tidak menghambat proses perakaran. Kontribusi subak bagi lingkungan yaitu mampu memberikan stok karbon bagi lingkungan melalui kandungan C-organik yang tersimpan dalam tanah.     Subak is a social organization in Bali that specifically regulates traditional water distribution system in rice fields to grow rice. With the rapid development of this epoch, the existence of subak is threatened because of the conversion of land to other uses outside the agricultural sector which causes open green space to be increasingly reduce. Environmental services are the services provided by the ecosystem functions that have direct and indirect benefits to human well being. This research analyzed to changes in soil quality in subak, in the conditions before planting and after harvest an to saw subak contribution to the environment. This study used survey method, physical and chemical soil test in the Laboratory of Soil Science and Environment. The samples were taken by purposive sampling, from Subak Kerdung, Subak Jatiluwih and Subak Lodtunduh. The soil qualities were assessed using scoring technique based on the physical parameters and chemical parameters. The soil physical parameters observed were texture, porosity, roomy capacity and bulk density. The soil chemical parameters observed were pH, N-total, P-available, K-available, CEC and C-Organik. The result of research showed that the change in soil quality on the subak land was very good. In terms of the physical of the soil, the increase in porosity makes the soil ability to bind water increased. Reduction in soil volume weight makes the soil more loose, it does not distrub the rooting process. Contribution of subak to the environment is being able to provide carbon stock to the environment through the C-Organic content stored in the soil as well as meritorius in regulating watter systems and preventing soil erosion.

This study aims to (1) determine the effect of the combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and LED light on the growth and productivity of pakcoy mustard and (2) determine the combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and LED light that provides the best growth and productivity in pakcoy mustard plants. This study used pakcoy mustard plants which are given a treatment of the combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and different LED light. The first treatment used a combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and white LED light, treatment 2 used a combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and red blue LED light, and treatment 3 used a combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and blue red and white LED light. The data obtained were analyzed using one way anova test and followed by Duncan test with a confidence level of 95%. The variables observed were plant height, canopy area, leaf greenness, root length, wet weight and dry weight of plant shoots and roots. The results showed that giving a combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and LED light had a significant effect on the growth and productivity of pakcoy mustard. The combination of gong kebyar gamelan music and red blue LED light gave the best growth and productivity, with plant height, canopy area, leaf greenery, root length, shoot wet weight, root wet weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight, respectively also included 27,176 cm, 1457.59cm2, 160.03, 23.6cm, 91.68g, 4.63g, 5.26g, 4.63g and 0.42g.

The objective of this study was to identify morphological variation in M2 plants of Capsicum annuum derived from seed treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The M1 generation was developed by treated seed with 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% EMS in phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 6 hours. Seedlings of M1 were planted in the field and seeds resulted from M1 plants were harvested and planted for morphological analysis. Plants were planted in polybag in progeny row system. Results showed that there was a decrease in both seedling emergence and plant survival due to EMS treatments. Several morphological variations were observed in plant height, leaf size, pattern of the branch, number of main stems and petal number of the flower. In the M2 generation, treatment of 1% EMS generated tall plant, small plant with pale green leaf colour, dwarf plant mutant and plant with two stems. The 0.75% EMS resulted in the short mutant with many branches while 0.5% EMS produced plant with pale green leaf colour. These results indicated that EMS mutagenesis in C. annuum generated interesting morphological characters that differ to control plants which can be used in C. annuum improvement program.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan karbon dan nitrogen pada pengomposan limbah makanan dengan limbah kertas sehingga didapatkan komposisi campuran bahan yang menghasilkan kualitas kompos sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 19-7030-20014. Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam  pengomposan dalam penelitian ini yaitu limbah makanan dan limbah kertas. Proses pengomposan pada penelitian ini mengunakan bioreaktor Tahiron New Garden Bag 2 dengan perbandingan komposisi bahan limbah makanan dan limbah kertas yaitu: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 dan 0:1 dimana limbah kertas sebagai kontrol. Pada proses pengomposan suhu dan pH  diamati setiap hari selama 60 hari. Kadar air diamati setiap 4 hari sekali dan kadar C-organik (%), kadar Nitrogen (%) diamati setiap 7 hari sekali. Pada perlakuan 1:1 mengalami peningkatan suhu termofilik sebanyak 2 kali masing-masing pada hari ke 14 dan 34 sebesar 46 dan 46,3 oC. Sedangkan  pada perlakuan 1:2 dan 1:3 hanya mampu mencapai suhu mesofilik. Perbandingan kandungan C/N ratio pada bahan baku limbah makanan dengan limbah kertas yaitu 1:1 sebesar 24,44, 1:2 sebesar 40,60, 1: 3 sebesar 52,06 dan 0:1 sebesar 71,81. Sedangkan kandungan C/N ratio pada kompos limbah makanan dengan limbah kertas yaitu 1:1 sebesar 12,06, 1:2 sebesar 37,00, 1:3 sebesar 42,85 dan 0:1 sebesar 104,84. Komposisi campuran bahan limbah makanan dan limbah kertas yang sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 19-7030-20014 yaitu perlakuan 1:1 dengan kadar air akhir 35%, suhu akhir 23,3oC, pH akhir 7,2, dan ratio C/N akhir 12,6%.