Myocardial hypertrophy (MH) due to cardiac pathology is characterized by an increase in QT interval duration and dispersion, while the findings for exercise-induced myocardial hypertrophy are contradictory. The majority of published research findings have not explored this relationship, but there have only been a few conducted studies using 24-hour ECG monitoring. The aim of the study was to determine the QT interval duration and dispersion in short-term and 24-hour ECG in endurance athletes with myocardial hypertrophy and without it. Methods: A total of 26 well-trained rowers underwent a resting 12-lead ECG, 24-hour ECG monitoring and echocardiography. Results: Athletes with MH (n = 7) at rest did not show any increase in QTc interval duration and dispersion, or mean and maximal QTc duration in Holter monitoring compared to athletes without MH (n = 19). Left ventricular mass was not significantly correlated with any QTc characteristics. Furthermore, athletes with MH had significantly longer mean QT (P = 0.01) and maximal QT (P = 0.018) intervals in Holter monitoring and higher 24-hour heart rate variability indexes due to stronger vagal effects. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that athlete's heart syndrome with myocardial hypertrophy as a benign phenomenon does not lead to an increase in QT interval duration, or increases in maximal and mean duration in a 24-hour ECG. An increase in QT interval duration in athletes may have an autonomic nature.

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Intensive sports does not exclude the development of primary arterial hypertension in athletes, even considering that physical activity is considered as one of the primary preventive factors for this disease. Key features of interrelation between blood pressure regulation and intense physical activity are surveyed, features of etiology and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension in athletes are covered, data on specific arterial hypertension factors for athletes are provided in the article. The international criteria of primary arterial hypertension diagnosis in athletes (according to 36th Bethesda Conference, 2005) are listed, as well as local 2011 recommendations. Medical treatment algorithms of primary arterial hypertension in athletes are given, considering international anti-doping requirements for different sports. The principles of athletes with primary arterial hypertension medical admission to competitive sports are described, criteria for physical exercise limitations and complete retirement from sports are provided.

Закиров Ильнур Илгизович-к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии, ORCID: 0000-0002-2611-1580 Лутфуллин Ильдус Яудатович-к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии, ORCID: 0000-0002-0224-2746 Волянюк Елена Валерьевна-к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии Даминова Мария Анатольевна-к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии,