Objective and designTo investigate the healing mechanism of Delonix regia galactomannan (GM-DR) in a mice model of excisional cutaneous wound. Materials and subjectsFemale Swiss mice were used in all treatments.Treatment GM-DR (% 0.01-1) was topically applied to the wounds during 14 days. MethodsThe wound healing effect of GM-DR was evaluated by the following parameters: wound closure, clinical signs (hyperemia, edema, exsudate, nociception), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde -MDA, reduced glutathione -GSH), histopathological and histomorphometric analysis (collagenesis, blood vessels, polymorphonuclear, mononuclear, broblast/myo broblast cells) and immunohistochemical (in ammatory growth factor mediators). ResultsGM-DR reduced wound area (7 -14 th day) and hypernociception (6 h -5 th day), leukocyte in ltration (2 -7 th day), expression and levels of IL-1β (2 th day), IL-6 (2 th day), MDA (44% -2 th day), and increased broblast/myo broblast, granulation tissue, collagen deposition, GSH (25 -50%, 2-5 th day), Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) expression (7-10 th day) and Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin (a-SMA) (7-14 th day). ConclusionsGM-DR accelerates the mice healing process acting both in the in ammatory and proliferative phases.

Introdução: O processo cicatricial é um evento fisiológico constituído de quatro fases coordenadas que sobrepõem-se: hemostasia, inflamação, proliferação e remodelação, que tem por finalidade a síntese de um novo tecido. Quando há falhas em algum destes eventos haverá deficiência no reparo tecidual. Apesar de várias formas terapêuticas já serem disponíveis no mercado, grande parte apresenta inúmeros problemas. Os polissacarídeos vegetais apresentam diversas atividades farmacológicas principalmente no controle de processos inflamatórios e de imunorregulação, além da baixa toxocidade. A Cissus sicyoides (Vitaceae) é uma planta conhecida popularmente como insulina vegetal, que possui descrito na literatura atividades farmacológicas de suas folhas como gastroprotetora, antioxidante, analgésica e anti inflamatória. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito cicatrizante dos polissacarídeos das folhas de C. sicyoides no modelo de feridas cutâneas excisionais em ratos. Metodologia: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar fêmeas (180-200 g) para a indução das feridas cutâneas. Realizado tratamento tópico com o extrato polissacarídico de C. sicyoides (EP-Cs: 0,01 - 1%/1x dia) e os controles com NaCl (0,9%) a eutanásia foi realizada nos dias (2º, 5º e 7º dias pós ulceração) para avaliação do curso temporal do processo cicatricial. Resultados: O EP-Cs a 0,1% reduziu os seguintes sinais clínicos inflamatórios: edema no 2° dia (moderado), hiperemia no 5° dia (leve). Além disso, acentuou o destacamento de crosta no 5° dia (100%) e a formação do tecido cicatricial no 5° (50%) e 7° (83%) dia. O EP-Cs a 1% reduziu o edema no 2° dia (moderado), hiperemia no 5° dia (leve), bem como acentuou o destacamento de crosta no 5° dia (100%) e a formação de tecido cicatricial no 5° (67%) e 7° (100%) dia, aumentou o limiar nociceptivo ao longo de todos os dias (1° ao 7°). Além disso, promoveu a redução da área da ferida no 5° dia (43%) e aumentou o índice de cicatrização do 5° (25%) ao 7° (12%) dia. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o tratamento tópico com o EP-Cs em feridas cutâneas excecionais acelera o processo de cicatrização de feridas por meio do controle da fase inflamatória, com redução dos sinais clínicos inflamatórios e aumento do índice de cicatrização.

Objective and designTo investigate the healing mechanism of Delonix regia galactomannan (GM-DR) in a mice model of excisional cutaneous wound. Materials and subjectsFemale Swiss mice were used in all treatments. TreatmentGM-DR (% 0.01-1) was topically applied to the wounds during 14 days.MethodsThe wound healing effect of GM-DR was evaluated by the following parameters: wound closure, clinical signs (hyperemia, edema, exsudate, nociception), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde – MDA, reduced glutathione - GSH), histopathological and histomorphometric analysis (collagenesis, blood vessels, polymorphonuclear, mononuclear, fibroblast/myofibroblast cells) and immunohistochemical (inflammatory growth factor mediators). ResultsGM-DR reduced wound area (7 - 14th day) and hypernociception (6 h - 5th day), leukocyte infiltration (2 -7th day), expression and levels of IL-1β (2th day), IL-6 (2th day), MDA (44% - 2th day), and increased fibroblast/myofibroblast, granulation tissue, collagen deposition, GSH (25 - 50%, 2-5th day), Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) expression (7-10th day) and Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin (a-SMA) (7-14th day). ConclusionsGM-DR accelerates the mice healing process acting both in the inflammatory and proliferative phases.

Galactomannans from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (GM-CP) and Delonix regia (GM-DR) are being pointed as potential therapeutic agents, but systematic evaluations on their acute toxicity are yet to be reported. In order to evaluate the occurrence of systemic toxicity, groups of three female rats received oral GM-CP or GM-DR (300 mg kg-1), whereas the control group received vehicle. Since lethality was absent, other groups received doses of 2,000 mg kg-1, which also did not cause lethality. Collection of organs and blood samples were done at day 14. Dermal toxicity of the galactomannans was also evaluated (2,000 mg kg-1, n=3 per group), as well both mechanical hypernociception and inflammatory cell influx after administration of GM-CP or GM-DR via intra-articular route (200 µg, n = 5 per group). At the routes and doses employed, both galactomannans did not evoke physiological / behavioral changes or skin / joint inflammation. Since the LD50 was not inferior to 2,000 mg kg-1, both galactomannans are in the class 5 of the Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals.

Background and Objective: Diabetes decreases glucose metabolism, leading to hyperglycemia and delayed wound healing. Caesalpinia ferrea or Libidibia ferrea (Fabaceae), popularly known as "pau ferro", "jucá" or "jucaína", is widely used in folk medicine for inflammatory conditions. Caesalpinia ferrea barks are used in the form of tea and portions to clean injuries and treat wounds and its stem barks infusion to treat enterocolitis, asthma, bruises, chronic cough and wounds. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the polysaccharide-rich extract of C. ferrea stem barks (PE-Cf) in the model of excisional cutaneous wounds in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The PE-Cf was obtained by a combination of NaOH extraction and ethanol precipitation. The analysis of the NMR spectra of PE-Cf revealed a central core composed mostly of 5-linked "-Araf and minority constituents such as "-Rhap and "-GalAp. For diabetes induction, rats received alloxan (45 mg kgG 1 ) by the intravenous route for pancreatic $ cell destruction. One month later, rats that had blood glucose >200 mg dLG 1 were selected to be tested in the model of the excisional cutaneous wound. PE-Cf (0.025-0.1%) was topically applied to the wounds twice a day for 14 days for evaluation of hyper-nociception (digital analgesimetry), clinical signs (macroscopy) and histopathology/ histomorphometry. Results: 0.1% PE-Cf reduced wound area (2-7 th day), hyper-nociception (5-10 th day), crust detachment (5-7 th day), scar tissue formation (10 th day), leukocyte infiltration (5-7 th day) and increased fibroblast/myofibroblast (5 th and 7 th day). Conclusion: The PE-Cf accelerates the healing process of diabetic rats, acting both in the inflammatory and proliferative phases.This study validates the popular use of C. ferrea barks in the inflammatory process and suggests PE-Cf as an alternative therapy to healing diabetic wounds.