Pemanfaatan lahan yang tidak sesuai dan kurangnya vegetasi penutup tanah dapat meningkatkan potensi erosi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya laju erosi akibat perubahan tata guna lahan pada tahun 2001 dan 2014 di wilayah Sub DAS Rembangan, Jember. Tingkat bahaya erosi ditentukan berdasarkan rumus metode USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah curah hujan pada tahun 2004 sampai 2014 dari stasiun klimatologi terdekat, erodibilitas tanah berdasarkan pengukuran lapang, DEM (Digital Elevation Model), dan peta tata guna lahan tahun 2001 dan 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju erosi pada daerah penelitian dengan perubahan penggunaan lahan tahun 2001 dan 2014 sebesar 873,1 ton/Ha/tahun dan 881,9 ton/ha/th, laju erosi ini termasuk dalam kondisi sangat berat. Tingkat bahaya erosi akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan dalam kondisi sangat berat mencapai 42,5% dari luas wilayah keseluruhan. Sehingga, diperlulan tindakan konservasi lahan di wilayah penelitian. Tindakan konservasi lahan dengan tingkat bahaya erosi ringan dapat dikurangi melalui pemilihan dan pengaturan pola tanam, penanaman penutup tanah, dan penggunaan sisa tanaman sebagai mulsa. Pada tingkat bahaya erosi berat direkomendasikan mengembangkan usaha tani tanaman tahunan (tanaman perkebunan atau tanaman industri), sedangkan pada lahan dengan tingkat bahaya erosi sangat berat, maka tidak digunakan untuk lahan pertanian. Kata kunci: Laju erosi; perubahan tata guna lahan; tingkat bahaya erosi; sub DAS Rembangan; USLE
Bedadung River is one of the water sources in Jember Regency. However, the condition was in the category of polluted in heavy level at an urban area (i.e Sumbersari and Kaliwates Districts). Water quality monitoring was one method to pollution controlling efforts by the government and stakeholders. Water quality monitoring could be done with a. Water Pollution Index (WPI) described contaminating based on physical, chemical and biological parameters in the water. The focus of this research investigated land use impact for water quality of Bedadung River with Water Pollution Index (WPI) method. Water Pollution Index (WPI) used to input data consisting of physical, chemical and biological parameters. The parameters were physical, chemical, and biological. Sampling was carried out on 5 locations of the Bedadung River urban area segment (i.e Patrang, Sumbersari, and Kaliwates Districts) in 2016. Land use data was in 2010. The condition of the Bedadung River water quality in the urban segment in the lightly-moderately polluted category is based on the WPI with a value of 5.35-8.01 in the Bedadung River urban area segment (Patrang, Sumbersari, and Kaliwates District). Then it was supported mitigation and adaptation making for sustainability of water quality management by stakeholder and government in the urban area.
In the upper catchments of Southeast Asia, land use change from forest to agricultural systems generated land degradation and conflicts between uplanders and lowlanders. More sustainable cropping systems are proposed to upper‐catchment farmers. Grass fodder strip (GFS) is an effective anti‐erosion practice, and it involves lower costs for farmers. However, labour and cash constraints are sometimes preventing farmers to implement it. To evaluate farms' current impact and adaptation capacities, we need a comprehensive understanding of farm and farm household characteristics that influence their activities. This paper proposes an approach that combines farm household surveys and modelling of farm erosion yield to help project planners and policy makers to identify such farmers in a data‐scarce environment. We developed two farm typologies—one based on both farm and farm household characteristics and one based on their erosion yield and constraints. We calculated erosion yields on plot level by using revised universal soil loss equation method and identified their constraints. We found that a typology based on farm constraints and calculated farm erosion was a good complement to identify farmers who are generating the highest erosion yields and would be able to change their production systems. This methodology is mainly useful at the beginning of conservation projects, when very few hard data are available. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peningkatan curah hujan ekstrem dengan durasi lebih lama dapat meningkatkan frekuensi dan besar bencana hidro-meteorologi yang terjadi pada suatu wilayah. Hujan ekstrem dengan durasi lebih lama dan merata pada suatu wilayah telah menyebabkan kejadian banjir bandang pada beberapa kota di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kecenderungan dan perubahan hujan ekstrem (2-harian) dan menggambarkan sebaran spasial kecenderungan hujan ekstrem ke dalam peta tematik. Data hujan dari 64 stasiun di wilayah Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air (UPT-PSDA) di Kabupaten Pasuruan (periode rekaman data dari 1980-2015), digunakan sebagai input utama. Data hujan 2harian diolah dari data hujan harian. Analisis kecenderungan menggunakan Uji Mann-Kendall, Rank-Sum, dan Median Crossing test. Hasil uji Mann-Kendall menunjukkan kecenderungan signifikan hujan 2-harian terjadi pada 12 stasiun. Hasil uji Rank-Sum menunjukkan delapan stasiun hujan mengalami perubahan hujan 2-harian signifikan. Berdasarkan uji tersebut secara keseluruhan wilayah UPT PSDA Pasuruan tidak mengalami kecenderungan perubahan hujan ektrim pada periode 1980 sampai dengan 2015.
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