Konsumsi makanan seseorang dipengaruhi oleh faktor ekonomi, faktor budaya, ketersediaan pangan, tingkat pendidikan, dan gaya hidup. Pengenalan berbagai jenis makanan tertentu sejak usia dini oleh keluarga mempengaruhi remaja dalam memilih makanan yang tergambar dari rasasuka atau tidak suka terhadap makanan secara kuat. Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Adabiah merupakan salah satu sekolah swasta ternama yang ada di Kota Padang dan lokasi SMA tersebut cukup strategis berada di pusat Kota Padang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya di SMA Adabiah tahun 2008 didapatkan sebesar 16% siswa mempunyai status gizilebih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan makanan pada siswa SMA Adabiah Padang. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan sampel siswa kelas 1 dan 2 yang berjumlah 111 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari semua jenis makanan, responden paling menyukai buah-buahan (86,5%) dan paling tidak suka pada makanan sumber protein nabati (63,1%). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan secara bermakna dengan pemilihan makanan adalah alergi terhadap pemilihan makanan sumber protein hewani, remaja pria terhadappemilihan buah-buahan, dan aroma makanan terhadap pemilihan makanan pokok. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan kepada remaja mengenai konsumsi makanan yang bervariasi dan seimbang.Kata kunci: Konsumsi makanan, pemilihan makanan, remaja, status giziAbstractFood consumption was associated to economic, culture, education and life style. Introducing variety of food in early age influences teenager in choosing food. Food preferences was the degree of like or dislike for food. Adabiah Senior High School is one of famous schools in Padang, located in center of Padang town which is very strategic. In this school, last researchindicated that 16% students were overweight. The aim of this research is to know factors related with student food preferences at Adabiah school in Padang. A cross sectional study was conducted with 111 samples. The result showed that 86,5% of respondents like fruits very much, while 63,1%dislike non-animal protein Factors related with food preferences were allergy to animal protein, boys for preferences of fruits and food smell for preferences of main food. Our suggestion are health education to teenager about variation and balance of food consumption for their nutritional and health status.Key words: Food consumption, food preference, teenager, nutrition status

BACKGROUND: Microbiota profile plays an important role in the growth of children. Recently, a number of microbiota profile studies have illustrated association with child stunting. AIM: Here, this study applied microbiota profile for stunting children in Indonesia to know a framework for future activities toward further characterization of microbiota profile contribution to stunting. METHODS: In this case–control study, we collected 96 samples with 48 stunting children and 48 non-stunting children in Pasaman and West Pasaman district as stunting locus areas in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. All study subjects met the inclusion criteria: Children ≤3 years of age and they did not suffer from gastrointestinal disorders. Samples collected were then carried out by intestinal bacterial DNA extraction. All sequences were obtained from the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, which was amplified from microbial DNA extracted from a child fecal sample. Bioinformatic analysis of microbiota DNA sequencing results compared with the intestinal microbiota profile of infants. RESULTS: This study found in intestinal of stunting children identified 61 species of bacteria which were only found in the intestines of stunting children and not found in non-stunting children. The dominant bacteria in intestinal microbiota profile of Pasaman and West Pasaman district, West Sumatera Province, Indonesia, among stunting children were Firmicutes (47.52%), Proteobacteria (21.12%), and Bacteroidetes (16.15%). The high number of these microbiota associated with high amount of carbohydrate intake among stunting children than dietary protein. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the role of microbiota profile in the incidence of stunting children.

Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007 menunjukkan bahwa hampir separuh penduduk Indonesia mengalami karies gigi. Makanan kariogenik merupakan faktor penyebab utama terjadinya karies gigi bersamasama dengan faktor mikroorganisme, gigi (host) dan waktu. Karbohidrat adalah bahan yang sangat kariogenik. Gula yang terolah seperti glukosa dan terutama sekali sukrosa sangat efektif menimbulkan karies karena akan menyebabkan turunnya pH saliva dibawah 5.5 secara drastis dan akan memudahkan terjadinya demineralisasi. Gula sukrosa mempunyai kemampuan yang lebih efisien terhadap pertumbuhan mikroorganisme asidogenik dibanding jenis karbohidrat lain. Selain itu, defisiensi beberapa vitamin dan mineraljuga mendorong terjadinya karies pada gigi seperti defisiensi vitamin A, B, C, dan D,kalsium, fosfor fluor dan zinc. Oleh karena itu, tindakan pencegahan diperlukan melalui tahapan primer, sekunder dan tersier.

Stunting prevalence varies significantly across Indonesian provinces and districts/municipalities, including West Sumatra. This research aims to identify the driving and inhibiting factors for implementing the stunting reduction acceleration program at the district level in West Sumatra. The research was conducted in 2022 with a qualitative study design and a case study approach. Data were collected through (i) group interviews with key informants involving policymakers and program managers at the provincial, district, sub-district, and village levels and (ii) in-depth interviews with mothers of stunted children. Two districts were selected as research sites. One district represents an area that has yet to be developed (District A or failed district). The other district has seen a significant reduction in the prevalence of stunting (District B or successful district). We found several driving and inhibiting factors that affect the reduced prevalence of stunting, such as the need for the relevant agency to play a strong role as the leading and responsible sector for stunting convergence actions. Another important factor is paying close attention to improving the quality of stunting data and providing adequate funding support. High commitment from Public Health Centers to maternal health through classes for pregnant women, infants, and children under the age of five can also have an impact. Furthermore, properly performing duties by assigned actors in specific and sensitive programs and integrated monitoring and evaluation of program implementation and outcomes can influence stunting prevalence. Recommendations for accelerating stunting reduction include improving communication and coordination, establishing stunting prevalence reduction as a performance indicator among the related district government and its various agencies, and assisting the village administration with planning and budgeting to support stunting prevention.

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