Objectives - evaluation of the local function of the mucociliary clearance (MCC) in the postoperative period in patients with foreign bodies in the maxillary sinuses, who have undergone various surgical treatment. Material and methods. Using an original analysis technique for highspeed digital video recording of a microscopic picture of a specimen, obtained by brush biopsy from specific regions of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus under endoscopic control, the MCC of the nasal mucosa was evaluated in the control group (n=60) and in the group of patients, who received various surgery (n=60) of maxillary sinuses. Results. We obtained the data on persistent and apparent local MCC disorders in the field of the surgical intervention in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Surgical interventions with access not in the area of the natural ostium of the maxillary sinus are more gentle, since they do not injure the mucociliary clearance in the key region - the ostium.

Aim to obtain the values of local mucociliary clearance (MCC) of the middle nasal meatus in normal conditions and in patients with foreign body in the maxillary sinuses. Material and methods. To assess the local MCC, we used the original method of modern high-speed digital video recording of the microscopic picture of the specimen, followed by its mathematical processing. The study included a group of rhinologically healthy individuals (60 people) and a group of patients with foreign body in the maxillary sinus (90 people). Results. We obtained the standard values of MCC in rhinologically healthy individuals (11.76 3.01 Hz). In patients with foreign body in the maxillary sinuses, there was a correlation of the local MCC index with the severity of morphological changes, registered by computed tomography (CT), of the paranasal sinuses in the area of the middle nasal meatus and adjacent sinuses. Depending on the results of CT scanning, we identified 3 groups among the patients with foreign bodies in the maxillary sinuses no morphological changes (CT1), changes outside the ostium (CT2) and pronounced morphological changes in the middle nasal meatus and surrounding paranasal sinuses (CT3). In the CT1 group the average values of the local MCC of the middle nasal meatus were 13.53 2.46 Hz; in group CT2 11.71 2.02 Hz; in the CT3 group 6.84 3.48 Hz. The differences in indicators in groups were statistically significant according to the Mann Whitney test. The average value of the local MCC of the middle nasal meatus in patients without maxillary sinus mycetoma was 13.30 2.91 Hz, in patients having maxillary sinus mycetoma 10.74 3.69 Hz; this difference was also statistically significant.

No abstract

In physiological and production studies on intact and fistulated cows and sheep, the effect on enzymatic and microbiological processes in the rumen was studied when energy feed (EF) based on propylene glycol, glycerin and sugars was included in the standard diet of cows, separately and in combination with a complex of cellulolytic enzymes, consisting from cellulase, glucoaminolase, xylanase and β-gluconase (EF + CCE), and in the standard diet of sheep – micellate-Ca (M-Ca), microalgae Spirulina Platensis (Sp.Pl.), dihydroquercetin (DHQ) separately and in combination with organic iodine (DHQ+OJ). As a result of the use of these feed factors, there were changes in the indicators of digestion in the rumen of cows and sheep. In cows under the influence of EF in the rumen chyme, in relation to the control, cellulolytic activity increased by 75,4 %, and amylolytic activity decreased by 17,0 %, the content of VFA increased by 3,9 % and acetate by 2,2 %, and the content of propionate, butyrate and ammonia decreased by 5,6; 6,2 and 3,3 %, respectively. At the same time, there was an increase in the number of bacteria by 6,2 % and ciliates by 2,6 %, with a stable pH of 6,8. The inclusion of EF + CCE in the diet of cows did not affect the pH of the chyme, equal to 7,2; increased the content of VFAs by 3,6 % and reduced the content of ammonia by 3,8 % had almost no effect on the number of microorganisms, but changed its composition – the number of bacteria increased by 27,8 %, and the number of ciliates decreased by 23,5 %. In sheep, under the influence of M-Ca in the chyme, there was an increase in pH from 6,31 to 6,54, the content of VFAs by 6,6 %, amylolytic activity by 1,7 %, the number of microorganisms by 1,4 %, incl. ciliates by 0,4 %, bacteria by 2,2 % and the ammonia content decreased by 16,4 %. under the influence of Sp.Pl. there was an increase in pH from 6,31 to 6,91, amylolytic activity by 6,1 %, and a decrease in the content of VFAs by 18,2 %, ammonia by 3,4 %, the number of microorganisms by 5,4 %, incl. ciliates by 19,2 % and bacteria by 8,4 %; under the influence of DHQ, there was an increase in pH from 5,7 to 6,4, a decrease in the content of VFAs by 18,9 %, amylolytic activity by 7,3 %, ammonia by 24,1 %, an increase in the number of microorganisms by 2,2 % incl. h bacteria by 26,5 % with a decrease in the number of ciliates by 27,3 %; under the influence of DHQ + OJ, there was an increase in pH from 5,7 to 5,8, amylolytic activity by 1,1 %, ammonia content by 16.5 %, the number of microorganisms by 15,3 %, incl. ciliates by 56,1 % and bacteria by 8,7 %. All feed factors, with the exception of DHQ+OJ, shifted the redox potential of the chyme towards reduction, and under the action of DHQ+OJ, towards oxidation.