Utility of FEV 0.5 versus FEV 1 in interpreting spirometry in preschool children with asthma Background: FEV 1 is not easily obtained in preschool children. Objective: To evaluate the utility of FEV 0,5 vs FEV 1 in the spirometry of asthmatic preschool children. Material and Methods: spirometry was performed to 39 asthmatic children and 77 controls. Each child performed maneuvers during 15 minutes without nose clip and if required a computer-animation program was used. An acceptable curve was defined as a register with evident peak expiratory flow (PEF) without sudden cessation of air flow at more than 20% of the previously measured PEF. Results: 94% and 90% of healthy and asthmatics performed at least two acceptable curves. Median age in healthy children was 4.7 years-old (2.5 to 5.9) and 3.8 years-old (2.3 to 5.2) in asthmatics. FEV 1 was obtained in 51.3% of controls and in 43% of asthmatics. In contrast FEV0.5 was obtained in all the children. A significant bronchodilator response was observed in FEV 0.5 in 49% of asthmatics. Conclusions: FEV 0.5 was more useful than FEV 1 in interpreting spirometry in 3 to 5 years old children with asthma.
T mutation in the exon 20 and 2 cases has c.3039delC mutation in the exon 19. Both mutations had been previously described in other populations. Discussion: The identification of these mutations has notably increased the detection rate in our patients. Adapting the molecular diagnosis method by including these three mutations should increase the CF detection rate in Chilean patients. This analysis will improve CF diagnosis and allow an adequate genetic counseling to the families.]]>
Se presenta el caso de una lactante de un mes de edad, que se presentó en el Servicio de Urgencia con shock hipovolémico secundario a hemorragia pulmonar. Necesitó medidas de soporte vital, incluyendo drogas vasoactivas y pulsos de metilprednisolona. Egresó del hospital a los 13 días de evolución y reingresó 5 días después por nuevo episodio de hemoptisis con compromiso hemodinámico. La fibrobroncoscopía efectuada a los 4 días de evolución del primer episodio mostró una anatomía normal, sin sangrado activo, con 20% de hemosiderófagos en el lavado broncoalveolar. En la radiografía de tórax se encontró infiltrados difusos. Los estudios en busca de infección, cardiopatía, enfermedad inmunológica, trombofilia, enfermedad celíaca, trastorno de deglución, anomalías vasculares y alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca resultaron negativos, por lo que se planteó una Hemosiderosis Pulmonar Idiopática (HPI). Se manejó con fórmula aminoacídica, prednisona oral diaria hasta los 6 meses de edad y después en días alternos y fluticasona inhalada permanente. En controles posteriores se constató crecimiento y desarrollo normal, sin recidivas hasta el momento de este reporte, con 1 año de edad. La evolución favorable en este caso se atribuye al diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno con corticoides sistémicos. Se presenta una revisión del tema de HPI en pediatría y se proponen algoritmos de estudio y tratamiento.
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