Background: Alveolar bone plays an important role in supporting dentures. One socket preservation procedure is the application of bone graft to the tooth socket immediately after extraction. The administration of Garcinia mangostana L peel extract combined with demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFDBBX) is assumed to decrease the number of osteoclast cells and IL-1β expressions, while also increasing that of osteoblast cells. Purpose: This study aimed to establish the potency of Garcinia mangostana L peel extract combined with DFDBBX on interleukin 1β expressions, osteoclast cells, and osteoblast cells during the preservation of tooth extraction sockets. Methods: This research constituted experimental laboratory-based research using 56 Cavia cobayas as specimens with randomized factorial design (true experimental design). These subjects were divided into eight groups, given PEG, DFDBBX, mangosteen peel extract or a combination of mangosteen peel extract and DFDBBX, and subsequently anesthesized before their left mandibular incisors were extracted. Thereafter, the post-extraction sockets were treated with PEG, DFDBBX, mangosteen peel extract or a combination of mangosteen peel extract and DFDBBX. The sockets were examined by means of HE and immunohistochemical staining on days 7 and 30 after extraction. The data obtained was analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test. Results: The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that the average number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and IL-1β expressions varied significantly between the groups. Conclusion: The combination of mangosteen peel extract and DFDBBX can potentially increase osteoblasts, while also decreasing osteoclasts and IL-1β expressions in the alveolar bones of Cavia cobaya.

Background. Eyes are an important component of the face and vital organs of vision. Eye loss can be caused by congenital defects, trauma, or tumor. Loss of an eye produces physical abnormalities that pose a psychological burden on the patient, as well as visual function damage. An ocular prosthesis is an artificial maxillofacial prosthesis to replace the lost eye. Case summary. A 54-year-old man consults at the Prosthodontics Specialist Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital for an eye prosthesis. The patient did not have the right eyeball since birth. Soft tissue around the eye is normal, including the palpebral muscles. Case management. An impression was made using a custom tray and alginate in the defect area, followed by filling the impression with gypsum type 3 to get a working model, from which a wax model is made and adjusted to the patient. After that, sclera and ocular acrylic prostheses are made on the basis of an adjusted wax model. The prosthesis is then polished and colored according to the contralateral eye. Then the prosthesis is delivered to the patient. Conclusion. The hollow custom-made eye prosthesis can be considered in the treatment of anophthalmia. It is able to improve the patient's psychological and emotional status.

Objective: This study was intended to analyze the expression of SRT-box transcription factor (SOX)2, SOX9 and woven bone in the preservation of tooth extraction sockets due to induction with propolis extract and bone graft. Materials and methods: 56 Cavia cobaya was divided into four groups according to the socket filling material used: control group, a propolis extract group, a bovine xenograft group, and a propolis extract-bovine xenograft group. An incisor tooth was extracted from each subject and the resulting socket filled with specific materials based on the group of which it was a member. After 3 days and 7 days, the Cavia cobaya were sacrificed in order to obtain their mandibles. Histopathological samples were made by means of hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining under a light microscope at 400x magnification. Statistical analysis: The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: A combination of propolis extract and bovine xenograft produced the highest expressions of SOX2, SOX9, and woven bone on day 3 and day 7, followed by the propolis group. The combination group experienced a significant difference with the control group on day 3 and day 7 (p<0.001). Even though the combination group presented the highest expressions, the results of a Tukey HSD test indicated no significant difference between the propolis and combination groups on day 3 and day 7. Conclusion: A combination of propolis and bovine xenograft increased the expressions of SOX2, SOX9, and woven bone. Further research is required to validate the bone remodeling acceleration hypothesis with regards to propolis.

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