This article aims to analyze: 1) the role of the kiai's leadership in strengthening the moderation attitude of the students at the Al-Khoirot Islamic Boarding School, 2) the steps taken by the Kiai, 3) the evaluation carried out by the kiai's leadership. This research uses a qualitative approach, the type of case study. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out in three steps, namely: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. Checking the data's validity is done using the credibility, dependency test, and certainty test. The results of this study are as follows: first, Kiai Pondok Pesantren Al-Khoirot in carrying out his leadership has four roles, namely: Kiai as a guide, Kiai as an agent of change, Kiai as spokesperson, and Kiai as a coach. To achieve the top leadership role, Kiai uses a situational leadership style in the form of delegation, guidance, and direction to subordinates. Second, in shaping and strengthening the moderation attitude of the santri, the Kiai emphasizes the study of books by the Kiai and the curriculum. Third, the implementation of the Kiai's leadership in strengthening the religious moderation of students at the Al-Khoirot Islamic Boarding School has not encountered significant obstacles. Likewise, the implementation of strengthening the attitude of religious moderation of students by the expectations of the Kiai. The daily characteristics of santri in implementing the attitude of religious moderation are good.

Background: The use of medicinal plants in Anjir Pulang Pisau Village has been carried out for a long time through knowledge that is passed down through generations to family members. But there is no documentation of local knowledge about medicinal plants. Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the use of medicinal plants in Anjir Pulang Pisau Village, Central Kalimantan-Indonesia. Methods: The data were collected through individual interviews using semi-structured interviews. Information regarding the local names of the plant, medicinal uses, parts used, methods of preparation, and administration route were documented. Results: A total of 28 medicinal plants were identified. The family Anacardiaceae, Lamicaeae, Poaceae, and Myrtaceae had the highest proportion of medicinal plants used (7% each). The most frequently utilized medicinal plant parts were roots (47%). The plant species used to treat the high percentage of disease was Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe. (16%). In terms of frequency of medicinal plant uses, the highest percentage of plant species (21%) was used to treat wound. Majority of the plant remedies in this study were prepared by decoction (40%), and most medicinal plant preparations were taken orally (75%). Conclusion: Further research is needed to identify unidentified family and plant species. Pharmacognostical and pharmacological studies are also needed for the identification of chemical compounds and proving the efficacy of medicinal plants used by local people.

The investigation about the lipase enzyme production from Aspergillus niger using grated coconut as a medium has been done. The aim of the study is to determine the best incubation time, pH and water content which produced lipase enzyme with high activity. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factorial pattern (incubation time and pH of the medium) was used in this research. Each factor consists of three levels and it was done in the triple. The level of incubation time and of pH were 48, 60, 72 hours and pH 5, 6, and 7, respectively. The observed parameter was the obtained lipase enzyme activity. The result showed that the highest activity was achieved at pH 7 for 48 hours of incubation time with 45% of water content. The amount of lipase enzyme activity was 1.70 µmol/ml.minutes.Keywords: mold coconut, Aspergillus niger, lipase

The purpose of this study was to determine a positive and significant relationship between parental learning assistance with thematic learning outcomes content of Citizenship Education for 5th-grade Elementary Schools Cluster 7 Ponjong Gunungkidul. This type of research is quantitative. The population of this research is the 5th-grade students of Ponjong Gunungkidul Elementary School Cluster 7 consisting of 4 schools and the total number of students is 84. Determination of the sample in this study using the determination of the number of samples from a particular population of Isaac and Michael for an error of 5% then obtained the number of samples is 69 students. The data collection technique used a questionnaire to determine the level of learning assistance from parents and documentation to find out student PTS learning outcomes. The results showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between parental learning assistance and the learning outcomes of 5th-grade students of the Ponjong Gunungkidul Cluster 7 Elementary School.

Penelitian ini mengkaji program ekstrakurikuler sebagai salah satu sarana penunjang dalam keberhasilan pembela-jaran untuk tercapainya tujuan pendidikan. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler mempunyai efek positif pada prestasi akademik siswa serta dapat menunjang proses belajar mengajar. Sehingga keberadaan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan dipandang perlu guna menunjang ketercapaian tujuan pembela-jaran PAI. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan ekstra-kurikuler keagamaan di sekolah dalam menunjang tercapainya tujuan pembela-jaran PAI yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 44 Bandung. Sedangkan tujuan khusus dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) pelaksanaan pembelajaran PAI, 2) manajemen program ekstrakurikuler keagamaan, 3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan dan 4) upaya sekolah dalam mendorong siswa mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan. Peneliti memilih SMP Negeri 44 Bandung karena disamping memiliki ekstrakurikuler keagamaan, sekolah ini juga adalah sekolah SMP Negeri yang mengimplementasikan PAI di lingkungan sekolahnya. Untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian, digunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan teknik observasi partisipasi, wawancara tak terstruktur, teknik dokumentsi serta triangulasi. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari: Kepala Sekolah, Wakasek Urusan Kesiswaan, Guru PAI serta penanggung jawab program ekstrakurikuler keagamaan di SMP Negeri 44 Bandung. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran PAI yang dilaksanakan secara umum berjalan dengan lancar dan kondusif, sedangkan untuk pelaksanaan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan yang ada di SMP Negeri 44 Bandung, dalam manajemennya masih belum optimal. Adapun untuk faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan dalam hal ini sekolah sudah mampu mengoptimalkan faktor pendukung yang ada serta berupaya mengantisipasi faktor penghambat yang terjadi dan secara umum SMP Negeri 44 Bandung sangat mendukung dan mendorong siswanya untuk mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan