Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. are used for characterization, while Raman spectroscopy and terahertz time domain spectroscopy are employed to probe the excitations in the materials. The lattice excitations are found to be analogous across the compounds over the whole temperature range investigated ͑295-4 K͒. The resulting full phononic characterization of the R 2 Ti 2 O 7 pyrochlore structure is then used to identify crystal field excitations observed in the materials. Several crystal field excitations have been observed in Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 in Raman spectroscopy, among which all of the previously reported excitations. The presence of additional crystal field excitations, however, suggests the presence of two inequivalent Tb 3+ sites in the low-temperature structure. Furthermore, the crystal field level at approximately 13 cm −1 is found to be both Raman and dipole active, indicating broken inversion symmetry in the system and thus undermining its current symmetry interpretation. In addition, evidence is found for a significant crystal field-phonon coupling in Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 . The additional crystal field information on Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7 adds to the recent discussion on the low temperature symmetry of this system and may serve to improve its theoretical understanding.

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AbstrakDashboard merupakan tampilan yang di dalamnya terdapat informasi penting yang digunakan untuk mengambil sebuah keputusan. Informasi yang dimiliki oleh dashboard merupakan infomasi ringkasan dari suatu sistem. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi informasi yang canggih, saat ini iFacility yang merupakan salah satu Official site yang ada di Perguruan Tinggi Raharja belum menerapkan dashboard. Diperlukannya penerapan dashboard pelaporan AC pada Official site iFacility dengan menggunakan salah satu fitur google yaitu Google Spreadsheet yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk menampung data dan mengolah data untuk dijadikan sebuah informasi yang dibutuhkan. Tahapan-tahapan identifikasi implementasi penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara terhadap divisi operasi, perbandingan sistem, perancangan prototype dan implementasi sistem ke dalam official site iFacility. iFacility merupakan tempat yang bisa memberikan informasi-informasi yang berguna dan mendapatkan informasi secara cepat dan tepat untuk mengambil sebuah tindakan atau sebuah keputusan secara efektif dan efisien tentang fasilitas yang dikelola secara online. Kata Kunci : Google Spreadsheet, Dashboard, iFacility, Informasi. Abstract Dashboard is a display in which there is important information used to take a decision. Dashboad. Information owned by the dashboard is a summary infomation of a system. With the development of sophisticated information technology, currently iFacility which is one of the official site in Perguruan Tinggi Raharja not apply the dahboard. Required implementation of dashboard AC reporting on official site iFacility by using one of google feature that is GoogleSpreadsheet that can be used to accommodate data and process data to be a needed information. The stages of identification of the research implementation is done by using observation method, interviewing the operation division, system comparison, prototype design and system implementation into the official site iFacility. iFacility is a place that can provide useful information and get information quickly and appropriately to take an action or a decision effectively and effiviciently about facilities online.

Temperature-dependent and anisotropic optical response of layered Pr0.5Ca1.5MnO4 probed by spectroscopic ellipsometry Majidi, M. A.; Thoeng, E.; Gogoi, P. K.; Wendt, F.; Wang, S. H.; Santoso, I.; Asmara, T. C.; Handayani, I. P.; van Loosdrecht, P. H. M.; Nugroho, A. A.

We propose a non-resonant two-photon absorption as a method to create a high-density gas of para-excitons uniformly distributed in a whole volume of a crystal. In non-linear pump-probe experiments we measure changes of the IR absorption induced by the presence of optically excited para-excitons. This way, we directly determine the energy of the para-excitonic 1s ! 2p transition at 129 meV. On the basis of temporal evolution of the induced absorption signal we find the lifetime of the para-excitons to be of the order of 10 ms. r