This article discusses a new method for the reclamation of organic waste into biogas with the addition of the biologically active additive Mephosphon to the substrate to accelerate the process of obtaining biogas (decomposition) and preserving nutrient elements in the final product. The study object was cow manure from a private farm household. The experiments were carried out for 10 days in a lowvolume biogas unit (LVBU) without airtight in a heat-insulated reactor filled with 2/3 cow manure. The use of the Mephosphon drug in ultra-low concentrations (10-4) allowed us to obtain a useful product in the form of high-quality organic fertilizer and biogas.

The quality of feed produced for cattle is one of the main factors affecting the efficiency of its maintenance. The quality of the resulting feed largely depends on the design features of the equipment, in particular crushers. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed device for crushing grain, in comparison with existing crushers (UD-200). An experimental plant with paddle disks has been developed for grinding grain. Its distinguishing feature is that two disks with a diameter of 142 and 200 mm with blades rotate in the working chamber. The device allows processing grain with high humidity. When using existing crushers (UD-200), fine grinding of grain is possible at a moisture content of not more than 12.6%, experimental installation - 12.9%. To obtain an average grinding, grain moisture can vary from 12.6% to 13.6% and from 12.9% to 14.1%, respectively. With a grain moisture content of 9.8%, the lowest energy costs for crushing were noted when using an experimental installation (5.3 J/kg), for the UD-200 crusher they reached 6.9 J/kg, which is 1.6 J/kg more. At a grain moisture content of 14.1%, the specific energy intensity in the variant with the experimental setup decreased to 8 J/kg, while UD-200 had 9 J/kg. The use of a crusher with paddle discs provides better grinding of feed intended for cattle and reduces the cost of this process.

The article presents research methods for the developed irrigation systems, for increasing the efficiency of water use in the agricultural sector. Based on an analysis of literature and patent sources, the authors present ways of modifying irrigation systems, such as physical and hydraulic barriers and magnetic treatment of irrigation water. The article also presents the results of laboratory tests of the proposed drip irrigation system. It investigates five different types of drip trays to quantify hydraulic performance. Researchers obtained dependencies of uniformity of water flow through the drip trays when changing the operating pressure in the system.

Vacuum pumping devices designed for dosing, mixing, transporting and distributing feed; milking cows; milk processing and other technological processes in agriculture are among the main components of the technological processes of animal husbandry. In order to improve the technical characteristics of vacuum pumping devices, widely used in all industries, it is proposed to use a pulsating jet apparatus installed on the suction port of a liquid ring vacuum pump. To characterize a stationary flow, the reduced velocity and the Reynolds number are usually used, and in the case of a pulsating flow, the relative frequency and relative amplitude of the pulsations are added to them, which are necessary to determine the design and technological parameters. One of the main design parameters of the operation of a jet vacuum pumping device is the ejection coefficient, the increase of which is achieved by deliberately violating the stationary mode of material flow by adding a pulsating device. The object of experimental research was a jet apparatus with a pulsating active flow. As an interrupting mechanism for an ejector with a pulsating active flow, it is advisable to use a ball-shaped valve made of various materials, which, due to the pressure drop and a return spring, can pulsate at a frequency of 90 ... 100 beats/min. During the experiments, the change in the supply of a water-ring vacuum pump with a pulsating jet apparatus was determined depending on the materials of the ball-type valve (steel, rubber and textolite), the suction pressure (1; 5; 10; 20; 30; 40; 50; 60 kPa), valve pulsation frequency (85; 100; 115; 130 beats/min) and ejector inlet pressure (20; 30; 50; 60 kPa). The best result is noted when using a valve in the form of a ball made of steel. In this variant, the supply of a water ring vacuum pump with a pulsating jet apparatus is increased to 14.5 m3/min, and the maximum supply is provided at a pulsation frequency of 90...100 beats/min

The developed unit, which implements the technology of separation of raw materials into useful components by thermal destruction, makes it possible to obtain fuel synthesis gas, in which carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) predominate, suitable for use in internal combustion generators for generating electrical energy, as well as saturated ash potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) suitable as a fertilizer in agriculture.