Calliandra ( Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) is a leguminous shrubs that almost spread throughout the area of Bali island, especially the area of Baturiti, Tabanan. The ethanol extract of 80% of C. calothyrsus leaves is a potential source of exogenous estrogen in terms of its phytoestrogen content. Potential extract of potassium which is very useful can be consumed in the form of phytopharmaca preparations. One of the requirements to prepare the formulation of phytopharmaceutical preparations should be done related to phytochemical screening and standardization of raw materials. This study aims to perform phytochemical screening and standardization of 80% ethanolic extract of C. calothyrsus leaves. Phytochemical screening can provide an overview of chemical compounds which are contained in C. calothyrsus leaf extracts to their activity. The standardization of extracts will ensure the quality of raw materials extract to be used. The leaf extraction of 80% ethanol yielded as much as 21.85%. Phytochemical screening showed that 80% positive ethanol extracts contained flavonoid group compounds. The powder standardization obtained 8.35% of water content. While the extracts standardization obtained 5.26% of extract water content. The total ash content of the extract was obtained 4.54% and the acid soluble ash content was 0.5%. The ethanol extract of 80% C. calothyrsus leaf has met the standardization of raw material extract.

Buta warna merupakan penyakit keturunan yang terpaut kromosom-X. Buta warna terdiri atas tiga tipe yaitumonokromat (buta warna total), dikromat (buta warna parsial), dan anomali trikromat. Sebagian besar cacatbuta warna tidak terdeteksi, sehingga perlu dilakukan identifikasi sejak dini. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan frekuensi gen buta warna pada populasi siswa SD di KabupatenBadung. Kabupaten Badung merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Bali yang terdiri atas enam kecamatan yaituKecamatan Petang, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kecamatan Mengwi, Kecamatan Kuta Utara, Kecamatan Kuta,dan Kecamatan Kuta Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan di 11 Sekolah Dasar di tiga kecamatan (Petang,Abiansemal, dan Kuta Utara) dengan total probandus 900 orang. Pengujian cacat buta warna dilakukandengan uji Ishihara plate test, kemudian data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 22. Frekuensi gen dikalkulasidengan metode Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Prevalensi buta warna pada siswa SD di Kabupaten Badungyaitu 2% dari 900 probandus. Frekuensi gen buta warna pada laki-laki yaitu 0,0378 dan pada perempuanyaitu 0,0022. Perbedaan jenis kelamin pada frekuensi buta warna didapatkan signifikan secara statistik (P <0,0001), dengan prevalensi pada laki-laki 3,78% lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan 0,22%

Calliandra calothyrsus leaf contains 17-28% protein which is hihly potential for use as source of protein supplement for animal feed. However, the plants also contain high level (>10%) of condensed tannins as antinutritional effects which may reduce consumtion efficiency of diet. The addition of protease (bromelain) into feed containing tannin is expected to decrease the negative effects of tannins. Bromelain can be obtained from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus) including on the peels. This study was conducted to determine the effect of calliandra tannin combined with bromelain protease of pineapple peels in the feed on testicular histology and testosterone level of rats feeded during the growth period. The feeding experiment on post-weaning male rats was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design (4 main factors x 4 subfactors). The main factors were calliandra leaf meal substitution of 0; 10; 17.5 and 25% in the diets and subfactors were addition of pineapple peels, 0; 4.35; 8.70 and 13.05 g/rat/day. Rats were divided into 16 groups and were feeded the diets for two months (during the growth period). The results showed the susbtituion of feed with calliandra leaf had no sigbnificant effecton the thickness of the seminiferous tubules, but it appeared to have significant effect on the histology of seminiferous tubules. Increased pineapple peels level in the diets containing calliandra decreased wall thickness of the seminiferous tubules of the rat testes, indicating that bromalein fastened the maturation of spermatozoa. The addition of pineapple peels into the diet containing calliandra had a significant interaction effect on testoteron levels of male rats, but the testoteron levels among all treated rats were still within the normal range. ABSTRAK Daun kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) mengandung protein 17-28% sehingga potensial sebagai sumber protein pakan ternak, namun tanaman ini mengandung condensed tannin cukup tinggi (>10%) yang bersifat antinutrisi. Penambahan enzim protease (bromelin) pada pakan yang mengandung tanin diharapkan dapat mengatasi dampak negatif tanin. Bromelin dapat diperoleh dari tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus) termasuk dari kulit buahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanin daun kaliandra dalam pakan yang dikombinasikan dengan protease bromelin dari limbah kulit nanas terhadap histologi testis dan kadar hormon testosteron tikus jika diberikan pada masa pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan pakan pada tikus jantan pascasapih selama masa pertumbuhan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial berjenjang 4x4 dengan level substitusi tepung daun kaliandra 0; 10; 17,5 dan 25% dalam ransum (main factor) dan dosis aditif kulit nanas 0; 4,35; 8,70 dan 13,05 g/ekor/hari (sub factor). Tikus dibagi menjadi 16 unit percobaan dan diberi perlakuan ransum selama dua bulan (masa pertumbuhan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tebal dinding tubulus seminiferus testis tikus tidak berbeda nyata, namun tampak adanya perbedaan pada gambaran histologi yang meliputi struktur membran basal, susunan antar sel-sel spermatogenik pada dinding tubulus, serta gambaran sel-sel spermatozoa di dalam lumen tubulus. Peningkatan dosis kulit nanas dalam ransum yang mengandung kaliandra menurunkan tebal dinding tubulus seminiferus. Aditif kulit nanas ke dalam ransum yang mengandung kaliandra menunjukkan interaksi yang memengaruhi kadar hormon reproduksi dengan menurunkan kadar hormon testosteron tikus jantan walaupun masih dalam kisaran normal.

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The research aimed to analyze the effect of katuk leaf biscuit consumption toward increasing breastmilk volume on the 10th day. The research subjects are postpartum mother and baby on the first day at the health center of Bandung city. The research was RCT post-test only control group design with a double-blind approach with sample consisted of n1=n2=50 respondents. First treatment group were given the katuk leaf biscuit and the control group were biscuit not katuk leaf, for 9th days. Data were collected and analyzed by the Mann Whitney test. The result of the research shown the significant effect of katuk leaf biscuits towards increasing breastmilk volume on the 10th day of postpartum with a high percentage of 79,6%. The result from counting Number Needed to Treat (NNT) breastmilk volume gained NNT =3. The increased of breastmilk volume caused by katuk leaf were contained fitosterol and papaverin that can increase the prolactin and oxytocin hormone. It is also containing nutrition as the material for breastmilk production. The conclusion of the research there was a significant effect of katuk leaf biscuit consumption towards increasing breastmilk production volume. So that the biscuit can be used as a supplement to increase the breastmilk volume.