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The gum recession is difficult to diagnose due to the diversity of the clinical picture, the severity of the course and the form of the causative agent. The apical displacement of the marginal gingiva violates the aesthetics of the smile, causes the discomfort in chewing movements and requires a professional dental intervention. The knowledge of the current aspects of the etiopathogenesis of gum recession a dentist professionally identify the cause and type of development of this disease and provide the patient with the qualified medical care. The article presents a review of modern literature that studies the factors influencing the occurrence of gum recession. The literature search has been done in the PubMed, Google Academy and Elibrary databases without language restrictions.

Objectives. Сomparison of radiological parameters of the keratinized gum and the external cortical plate in the area of the front teeth on the upper jaw. Material and methods. Сlinical examination of 50 patients aged 18 to 60 years was carried out in order to perform the work. These patients underwent 3D computed tomography which allowed to study the thickness of the keratinized gums in the dental area 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3. Results. The results of the research revealed a similar trend at each level of measurement for the central and lateral incisors. The average values of the gum thickness decreased in the direction of the tooth crown. The thickness of the outer cortical plate had the lowest values in all studied teeth at the level of the alveolar crest apex and gradually increased in the apical direction. The thinnest external cortical plate and gums were revealed in canines. Conclusion. The performed study showed that thickness of the gum is directly related to the thickness of the cortical plate. In percentage terms the gum thickness is 132 9.5% of the thickness of the cortical plate.