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This paper reports the construction and analysis of the economic and mathematical model of the duopoly of supply chains, based on the model of optimization of plans for the release and delivery of multi-range articles, taking into consideration the marketing and innovative activities of industrial enterprises. Demand for goods is supposed to be an increasing function of advertising costs. In this case, marketing investments affect only the base selling prices of articles and do not affect competitive discounts. The explicit form of this dependence can be established as a result of marketing research. It is also assumed that investments in innovative technological projects could reduce industrial costs; production costs are decreasing functions of the size of the investment. It is believed that the demand function is linearly dependent on the total volume of output produced. The criterion of optimality for supply chains is the maximum of the total profit received from the sale and delivery of finished products to points of consumption, taking into consideration the costs of production and advertising. As a result of this study, equilibrium solutions of the duopoly according to Cournot and Stackelberg were found. That has made it possible to determine the optimal values of product volumes for output, the size of investment investments, as well as product advertising costs. The model helped study the impact of investment deductions and advertising costs on the acquisition of competitive advantages by manufacturing enterprises. A numerical illustration of the results obtained is given. The proposed approach could be used to build and analyze dynamic optimization models taking into consideration the innovation and marketing activities of enterprises, as well as to study other market structures

The increase of the degree of impact of financial risks on the results of operations and financial stability of the company is associated with a number of factors. They are the rapid volatility of the economic situation in the country and the financial market, the expansion of the sphere of financial relations of economic entities, the emergence of new financial technologies and tools, as well as a number of others factors. Therefore, the identification of the economic nature of financial risks and the establishment of their forms of influence on the results of the enterprise has become one of the most urgent tasks of the financial management system. In the context of financial instability, the problem of effective management of foreign exchange risks of the company becomes particularly relevant. This management plays an active role in the overall system of financial management, ensuring the reliable achievement of the main objectives of financial activity of the enterprise. The purpose of currency risks management is to ensure the financial security of the company in the process of its development and to prevent the possible reduction of its market value. Currency risk management can be divided into the following steps: awareness of the risk, determining the causes of its occurrence; measurement, analysis and risk assessment; reduction or limitation of risks by means of appropriate management methods; constant monitoring of the level of risk. In today's conditions, the further devaluation of the national currency, which in the past three years depreciated by 3.5 times in relation to the US dollar, one of the main tasks facing domestic subjects of foreign economic activity is the formation of effective tactics and strategies for managing currency risks. Activity of port operators, as subjects of foreign economic activity, is predisposed to financial instability and currency risk, which are caused by the variability of the environment of their functioning. Ukrainian ports, which investigate in imported equipment, plan to buy in foreign currency. The fluctuation of the exchange rate may contribute to both the improvement and the deterioration of the financial condition of the enterprise. Therefore, in the course of doing business, you must take into account the risks and apply appropriate methods of managing them. Financial instruments are the available tools for managing currency risk in enterprises. In this paper, hedging is considered as a way to reduce currency risk when purchasing equipment for a currency. In order to eliminate the effect of financial instability on currency risks of enterprises in the port industry, when purchasing equipment for currency, we suggest using a hedging instrument. This will either eliminate or partially neutralize the risk of possible losses.

Introduction. An effective national innovation system is a key mechanism for modernizing the economy and forming a qualitatively new competitive economy based on innovation. One of the factors that can increase competitiveness is the active use of innovative technologies that will lead to the formation of scientific and technical, production, financial, social activities in a new institutional environment. Purpose. The article evaluates the dependence of competitiveness on the type of innovation, and proposes a scheme for evaluating the effectiveness of management innovations of the port industry. Method (methodology). The following methods were used to achieve this goal: logical generalization, analysis, grouping. Results. Competition has shifted to innovation in recent decades. The processes of economic transformation affect the competitive behavior of port enterprises, forcing them to become responsive to market signals, proactive and flexible because when the rate of change occurring outside the company exceeds the rate of change occurring inside it, then such situation leads to industrial death. In the modern concept of innovative development of port enterprises, technology, the scale of investment in research is a central endogenous component. The emphasis of key resources in development is transferred from the production space to the availability of mobile finance and human intelligence, a new type of enterprise arise. Conclusions. The port industry will face a new quality competition – digital competition, when companies will compete not only in price and service, but also in the level of digitalization. Namely: how user-friendly interfaces, user offices, whether B2B data synchronization is available, whether it is possible to track cargo, passengers, collect and process data online. All this will give businesses access to qualitatively new solutions. Digitalization and competition are interconnected things that affect the innovative development of the port industry today and will be leading in the near future.

Методичний підхід до фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній з використанням хеджування цінових ризиків Анотація. Доведено, що особливе значення набуло питання формування фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній. В першу чергу, це стосується визначення методики розрахунку, встановлення комплексу даних в інтегральному показнику, а також врахування специфічних галузевих особливостей підприємств. Тому ми вважаємо доречним подальший розвиток методичних підходів до забезпечення фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній. Метою даного дослідження є розвиток методичних підходів щодо оцінки рівня фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній з використанням хеджування цінових ризиків. Розроблено алгоритм оцінки фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній, що включає виконання ряду логічних етапів, що забезпечать методичну послідовність дій і рішень по управлінню їх фінансовою безпекою. Доведено, що діяльність стивідорних компаній, як суб'єктів зовнішньоекономічної діяльності, схильна до фінансової нестабільності й ризику. Вони здійснюють інвестування в імпортне обладнання та зазвичай планують закупівлю в валюті. В свою чергу коливання валютного курсу може сприяти як покращенню, так і погіршенню фінансової безпеки стивідорних компаній, тому необхідно враховувати ризик в ході ведення ними бізнесу і застосовувати відповідну методологію управління фінансовими ризиками. Запропоновано використовувати ефективний фінансовий інструмент управління валютними ризиками-хеджування. Для розв'язання проблеми пошуку оптимального розміру грошових коштів на валютних депозитах для інвестування в обладнання була розроблена модель прогнозування цін, що являє собою тріноміальное дерево. Зроблено висновок, що впровадження в практичну діяльність стивідорних компаній запропонованих методичних підходів підвищить ефективність системи управління та оцінки рівня їх фінансової безпеки. Ключові слова: фінансова безпека; інвестування в обладнання; хеджування цінових ризиків; стивідорна компанія; тріноміальне дерево.