A teaching model aimed at promoting conceptual change concerning the concepts of heat and temperature is described. The type of research conducted seems to have great impact on the professional development of the secondary school teachers who participate in the project Concepts related to heat and temperature are renowned for presenting students with conceptual problems. Research findings, involving secondary school students before formal teaching and universityThe study has been conducted by two university teachers and two secondary school teachers. The findings suggest that the model has potentialities for promoting a better understanding of the phenomena concerning heat and temperature. In the whole process the role of action research involving the two categories of teachers, acting as researchers, was also analysed and proved to be a very useful and efficient activity for imservice teacher education.

José Pinto de Azeredo, of Rio de Janeiro, studied medicine and conducted notable experimental research in Edinburgh (1786-88), presenting his graduate thesis on gout in Leiden. Already appointed surgeon-general of Angola, he returned to Rio in 1789 and practiced medicine in Brazil. In 1790 he moved to Luanda, where he practiced at the Hospital Real and founded a medical school that did not survive his departure for Portugal in 1797. He worked at Lisbon's main military hospital and as a private physician until his death. His written works (some ten manuscripts and five publications) warrant an examination from the perspective of the history of medicine. In an article published in 1790 on Rio de Janeiro's air quality, he reveals the skills of an analytical chemist, his interest in the effects of different air components on organisms, and his concern with air quality in Brazil and Europe.

O presente trabalho aborda uma revisão de literatura realizada em periódicos brasileiros e internacionais compreendendo o período de 2010 a 2015. O objetivo desta pesquisa bibliográfica foi identificar se as imagens científicas têm sido utilizadas em propostas que integram a história da ciência ao ensino de ciências. Os 45 artigos selecionados foram analisados segundo a Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), sendo os dados empíricos dessas pesquisas provenientes de vários instrumentos tais como questionários ou perguntas anexadas a materiais como textos, entrevistas, gravações e/ ou notas de aulas, desenhos, entre outros. Nossa análise apresenta informações gerais sobre as estratégias didáticas utilizadas, com ênfase nos trabalhos que abordavam o uso de imagens e que correspondem a uma proposta de ampliação das estratégias didáticas descritas por McComas (2013). As pesquisas que descreveram a utilização das imagens científicas na sala de aula se mostraram eficientes para a contextualização da histórica da ciência; discussão da tríade ciência, tecnologia e sociedade e suas relações; do papel da experimentação e; das controvérsias científicas. Igualmente, os artigos que retratam o uso das imagens científicas no ensino fornecem subsídios metodológicos ao professor para abordar conteúdos científicos de modo diferenciado. Porém, para sua melhor efetivação no contexto escolar é necessário contornar alguns obstáculos, tais como a dificuldade dos alunos em interpretar imagens.Palavras-chave: leitura de imagem; revisão de literatura; história da ciência; ensino de ciências. This paper presents a literature review carried out in Brazilian and international journals published from 2010 to 2015. The objective of this bibliographic research was to identify if scientific images have been used in proposals that integrate the history of science in science teaching. Altogether 45 papers were selected and analyzed according to the Discursive Textual Analysis. Their empirical data came from various instruments such questionnaires or questions attached to materials such as texts, interviews, recordings

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Yesterday, as today, technological developments led by large and expensive instrumental projects are later on disseminated to smaller and more affordable devices. In 1847, Airy requested a new transit circle for the Greenwich Observatory. When the first observation was performed, on 4 January 1851, Airy's Greenwich Transit Circle (ATC) was the largest instrument of its class in the world. The construction of the ATC implied solving several technical difficulties, for example, the maintenance of the instrument rigidity and the illumination of the graduated circle and telescope field of view. After the ATC completion Troughton & Simms stand at the 1851 Great London Exhibition included two small transit instruments which were praised for their telescope field of view/eyepiece wires illumination. One of which, was based upon the design implemented beforehand on the ATC. In this paper we will discuss the field and eyepiece wire illumination innovations introduced on the ATC and the Simms transit instruments exhibited in 1851. We will also describe the small Troughton & Simms transit circle currently belonging to Coimbra Astronomical Observatory collection that is, we believe, one of the earliest implementation of this ATC lead development (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)