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Retroactive cuing of information after encoding improves working memory performance.However, there is an ongoing debate on the contribution of target enhancement vs. distractor inhibition attentional sub-processes to this behavioral benefit. We investigated the electrophysiological correlates of retroactive attentional orienting by means of oscillatory EEG parameters. In order to disentangle excitatory and inhibitory attentional processes, the to-bememorized information was presented in a way that posterior hemispheric asymmetries in oscillatory power could be unambiguously linked to lateral target vs. distractor processing.Alpha power (8-13 Hz) asymmetries were insensitive to the number of cued or non-cued items, supporting their relation to the spatial orienting of attention. Furthermore, we found an increase in posterior alpha power contralateral to the position of non-cued working memory content that differed reliably from the alpha asymmetry in a neutral control condition. This correlate of an inhibitory sub-process of the spatial orienting of attention following the retroactive cues was further related to the participants' ability to control for the impact of irrelevant information on working memory retrieval. These findings indicate that shifting the spatial focus of attention within working memory makes use of an inhibitory attentional mechanism for guaranteeing a target-oriented retrieval process.

Cradle-tocradle. Remaking the way make things. North point press.6. Maximilian, S. (2015). Zen in the art of permaculture design.7. Lillington, I. (2007). The holistic life. Sustainability through permaculture. South Australia: Axiom Publishing. М. С. Назаренко ЭКОПОСЕЛЕНИЕ: МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЕ КАК ПОПЫТКА РЕШЕНИЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМ Данная статья посвящена понятию «экологического поселения» и его философскому содержанию, которое выражено в практической деятельности альтернативных сообществ. Особое внимание уделено модели «циркулярной экономики», приведены примеры ее функционирования в мире, в частности в украинском опыте. Также подробно рассмотрена концепция пермакультуры как своеобразного опытного воплощения античной диалектики. Проанализирована основа социальных взаимоотношений в экологических поселениях -теория социократии, которая призвана создавать ощущение коллективного единства. Рассмотрена идеология упрощения, а также подход к потреблению в устойчивых сообществах, которые характеризуются сознательным минимализмом. Ключевые слова: экопоселение, пермакультура, cradle-to-cradle, устойчивое развитие, дауншифтинг, опрощение, минимализм, потребление. M. Nazarenko ECOVILLAGES: WORLDVIEW AS AN ATTEMPT OF SOLVING GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Introduction,The article is dedicated to the concept of ecovillage as an extremely actual phenomenon in the situation of growing social conflicts and environmental crisis nowadays. The aim of the study is to attempt to analyze the worldview of this environmental movement and the eco-settlers' ways of changing the world. For this purpose we need to realize the following tasks: 1) to find out what eco-settlements are, what their basic principles and principles are; 2) to distinguish philosophical elements that nourish a special attitude to the environment; 3) analyze what perceptions about eco-habitats exist in the conditions of lack of proper knowledge about them, and to find out what prevents from fully assessing their potential to socialize and improve the environmental situation in the world. Research methods. For this the author will use the observation method as well as the analytical method, involving in the theoretical part a number of practical cases explaining the activity and functioning of ecological settlements. Research results: Particular attention is paid to the model of the «circular economy», examples of its functioning in the world, in particular in the Ukrainian experience, are given. The concept of permaculture as a kind of experimental embodiment of ancient dialectics is also examined in detail. The basis of social relations in ecological settlements is analyzedthe theory of sociocracy, which is designed to create a sense of collective unity. The theory used by ecovillages makes such communities more mature and resilient in conflict situations. The ideology of simplification, as well as the approach to consumption in sustainable communities, which are characterized by conscious minimalism, is considered. Discussion. The article also discusses the wide...