Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah corak tafsir falsafi meliputi sejarah kemunculan tafsir falsafi, batasan tafsir falsafi, perdebatan ulama tentang tafsir falsafi, dan kitab-kitab tafsir yang bercorak falsafi. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan melalui studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan sejarah dan tafsir. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa Tafsir Falsafi adalah salah satu corak penafsiran yang menggunakan teori-teori dan pendekatan filsafat. Sejarah kemunculan corak falsafi ini bermula pada dinasti Abbasiyah dimana pada kekhalifahan Al-Manshur, banyak sekali buku-buku filsafat yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Arab sehingga menyebabkan masuknya kajian-kajian filsafat ke dalam dunia Islam terkhusus pada khazanah penafsiran Al-Quran. Adapun batasan dalam tafsir falsafi meliputi pembahasan-pembahasan seputar filsafat seperti wujud tuhan, sifat-sifat Allah, dan juga terkait ayat-ayat mutasyabihat. Corak tafsir falsafi tentunya menuai pro dan kontra, di antaranya yang menolak adalah karena corak falsafi menggunakan akal dan teori-teori filsafat yang bertentangan dengan ajaran dan aqidah Islam. Adapun yang mendukung adalah karena mereka menganggap ada titik temu antara filsafat dengan agama dan juga tafsir. Kitab-kitab yang bercorak falsafi di antaranya adalah kitab Fushus Al-Hikam karya Al-Farabi, Rasail Ibnu Sina, Rasail Ikhwan As-Shafa, Mafatih Al-Ghaib karya Fakhrudin Ar Razi dan Tafsir Al Mizan karya Thabathaba’i. Penelitian sederhana ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat besar bagi para pengkaji Al-Quran dan tafsirnya.
This study aims to explain the interpretation of the reformist era, in terms of ideology, influence, commentators who existed at that time, and criticisms of their commentators on traditional Islam. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis sourced from literature studies. This paper concludes that reformists took place in the 20th century due to European expansion. The presence of this ideology also affects science, especially in the field of interpretation. Tafsir in this century was heavily influenced by the thoughts of Egyptian reformers such as Muhammad Abduh and others. Its development has progressed rapidly, such as various new styles and methods coming afterward. The commentators are Oemar Bakri, Buya Hamka, KH. Bisri Musthofa, Mahmud Yunus, and Quraish Shihab, the reformists, also criticized the traditionalists who were considered too blind to taqlid towards the ulama. Also, their thoughts which are still shackled by customs, have become sharp criticisms of the reformists against traditionalists. This reformist or renewal is considered a breath of fresh air for Muslims to be more modernist, technological, and not lagging behind western progress.
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