Despite ongoing fieldwork focusing on the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods of the Aegean, the eastern part of this region, especially western Turkey, remains almost entirely unexplored in terms of early prehistory. There is virtually no evidence from this area that can contribute to broader research themes such as the dispersal of early hominins, the distribution of Early Holocene foragers and early forager-farmer interactions. The primary aim of the Karaburun Archaeological Survey Project is to address this situation by collecting data from the eastern side of the Aegean Sea, thereby contributing to the currently debated issues of Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean prehistory.
The site of Üçağızlı II is located in a partially collapsed cave on the Mediterranean coast of the Hatay region, south central Turkey. A small intact chamber (chamber D) preserves a sequence of Middle Paleolithic deposits nearly two meters thick. Test excavations at the site in 2005 and 2007 produced large assemblages of artifacts, vertebrate and shellfish remains. The entire sequence formed during the Upper Pleistocene, subsequent to MIS 5a. Faunal and lithic assemblages are comparatively homogeneous, consistent with the inference that the deposits formed under relatively constant environmental conditions. Micromorphological analyses reveal an abundance of combustion features and products, although the visibility of the features is locally compromised by local, small-scale bioturbation. There is evidence that the ways fires were created and maintained changed along with the intensity of occupation. Lithic assemblages most closely resemble other Middle Paleolithic assemblages from the northern Levant but there are inconsistencies with the accepted pattern of technological change over time in the Levantine Mousterian more broadly. Faunal and lithic evidence indicate that the intensity and duration of occupational events declined over time at Üçağızlı II. While there are many parallels in raw material economy with the early Upper Paleolithic of the nearby Üçağızlı I site, the Middle Paleolithic hominins may have used the coastal landscape in a different way from later Upper Paleolithic groups.
İnsan türlerinin ilk kez Afrika kıtasında ortaya çıkmış olduğu ve oradan Dünyanın diğer bölgelerine yayıldığı bugünkü bilgiler ışığında kabul edilmektedir. İnsan türlerinin bu yayılımlar sırasında hangi rotaları izledikleri ve bu verilere kanıt oluşturacak olan yaşam alanlarının nerelerde olduğunun tespit edilmesi en önemli konulardan biridir. Afrika, Asya ve Avrupa kıtaları arasındaki konumu dolayısıyla Anadolu yarımadası da bu konunun araştırılması açısından kritik öneme sahip bir bölgedir. Fosil insanların Avrupa'ya yayılımı bakımından kilit bir bölgesinde yer alan Çanakkale İlinde 2014-2017 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen yüzey araştırmaları esnasında Paleolitik dönemlere ait yontmataş alet buluntuları tespit edilen 40 buluntu alanı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sayının ileri ki yıllarda yapılacak araştırmalar sonucunda artması beklenmektedir. Yine bu araştırmalar sırasında 16 mağara tespit edilmiş ve bunlar içerisinde yoğun bir insan yerleşimine sahip İnkaya Mağarası'nda kazı çalışmaları başlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Çanakkale'de 4 sezondur devam eden arazi çalışmaları ve bu çalışmalarda elde edilen bulgular ışığında fosil insan izleri tartışılmaktadır.It is acknowledged in the light of today's information that human species rst appeared in Africa and spread to other parts of the world. It is one of the most important issues to determine which routes human species took during this process and where their living areas were located. Due to its position between Africa, Asia and Europe, the Anatolian peninsula is a region of critical importance for the investigation of this issue. In Çanakkale province, which is located in a key region in terms of fossil human population spread to Europe, 40 locality where Paleolithic chipped stone nds were found were determined during the surveys carried out between 2014 and 2017. This number is expected to increase as a result of the research to be carried out in the following years. During these researches, 16 caves were found and excavations were initiated in İnkaya Cave, which has an intensive human settlement. In this study, eld surveys in Çanakkale province that have been ongoing for 4 seasons and the fossil human traces in the light of the ndings obtained from these studies are discussed. ÖzResim 3. Etili 6 buluntu alanında tespit edilen 3 yonga, 2 çekirdek, 1 dilgi çekirdeği ve 1 Levallois yonga (dilgi çekirdeği yarı prizmatik olup, karşılıklı iki platforma sahiptir ve üzerinden dilgicikler çıkartılmıştır) Resim 4. Durali 4 buluntu alanında tespit edilen 4 yonga, 1 çentikli alet ve 1 ağır düzeltili parça alet (düzeltili alet, sağ kenarından, alet ekseninin ortasına varan üç iri parça çıkartılarak düzeltilmiştir, sol kenarında ise topuğa yakın kısımdan iki iri çıkarım yapılmıştır. Büyük bir olasılıkla kenar kazıyıcı olarak kullanılmıştır)
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