Background: It is known that reaction time, which is of great importance in terms of athlete performance, is one of the most difficult sports performance parameters to develop. Reaction time performance in Athletes may vary according to the sport branch in terms of development. Especially in combat sports such as boxing and wrestling, reaction time is of such great importance that it can directly or indirectly affect the outcome of the competition. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to compare the visual simple reaction time performances of boxing and wrestling athletes. By comparing the simple visual reaction times of boxers and wrestlers, the effects of both branch trainings on the reaction time were tried to be determined. Methods: This research was carried out with the participation of 30 male athletes between the ages of 14-17. It was held with the participation of a total of 30 male athletes, including 15 boxers and 15 wrestlers, who have been licensed contestants for at least three years and are still actively participating in the competitions. The heights of the participants were measured with a wall-mounted stadiometer (Holtain Ltd. England), their body weights were measured with an electronic scale (Seca, Germany), and their visual simple reaction time performance was measured with a Reaction Time device (Hubbard Scientific 6027). Data were analyzed with the IBM Statistics (SPSS, ver. 22.0, Armonk, NY) program. Results: The mean age of the boxing group (N=15) was 15.46±1.06, the mean height was 175.53±4.18, the mean body weight was 61.00±8.03 and the mean reaction time was 23.66±2.99. The mean age of the wrestling group (N=15) was 15.40±1.12, the mean height was 170.46±4.29, the mean body weight was 62.80±8.65 and the mean reaction time was 25.93±2.68. Conclusion: In this study comparing the visual simple reaction time performances of boxers and wrestlers, it was concluded that boxing training is more effective in shortening reaction time performance compared to wrestling training. Keywords: Reaction Time, Sporting Performance, Martial Arts

Background: Although there is a consensus among researchers that autogenic training has positive effects on the psychological state of athletes, there have not been enough studies on its effects on physical performance yet. Therefore, the effects of autogenic training on physical performance is an important question that remains to be clarified. The fact that there is no research examining the effects of autogenic training on reaction time performance constitutes the original value of the study. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the effects of autogenic training applied during 8 weeks on the visual and auditory reaction time performances of national badminton athletes. Methods: 15 male (experimental group=8 and control group=7) national badminton player between the ages of 18-23 residing in the province of Malatya participated in the study voluntarily. In addition to the training program, autogenic training was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, after warming up. The control group continued their regular training. In order to determine the effects of the training, the pre-test and post-test was applied to the participants. SPSS 23 Package Program was used for the analysis of the data. The data were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test, one of the Non-Parametric tests. The significance level was taken as p<.05. Results: The mean age of the experimental group (N=8) was 19.88±1.81, the mean height was 173.75±4.10, and the mean body weight was 68.13±5.52. The mean age of the control group (N=7) was 19.72±1.80, the mean height was 175.72±7.87, and the mean body weight was 67.58±6.61.It was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between the right and left hand visual reaction times and the right and left hand auditory reaction times of the experimental and control groups (p>.05). Conclusion: As a result, autogenic training does not have a statistically significant effect on the visual and auditory reaction time of national badminton athletes. Keywords: Autogenic training, badminton, reaction time

Bu araştırmanın amacı, düzenli olarak B-fit spor salonlarında egzersiz uygulamalarına katılan sedanter kadın bireylerinin fiziksel uygunluklarının ve fiziksel görünümlerinin sağlanmasında Bfit egzersizlerinin etkilerini incelemektir. Araştırmaya Malatya ilinde, düzenli olarak haftada en az 5 gün B-fit egzersiz uygulamalarına katılan ve diyet desteği almayan 18-35 yaş aralığında 30 sedanter kadın birey katılmıştır. Katılımcılara 8 hafta süresince düzenli olarak B-fit egzersizleri uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların göğüs, karın, bel, kalça, uyluk, bacak ve biceps çevre ölçümleri, algı hesaplaması 0.01 cm olan gullick şeridi kullanılarak alınmıştır. Vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi, vücut yağ oranı, vücuttaki su oranı, vücuttaki kas oranı ve vücut iç yağ oranı tanita cihazı (Tanita-BC 418 MA) kullanılarak alınmıştır. Araştırmanın ön test-son test verilerinin istatistiksel analiz değerlendirmesinde ''Paired Sample T-Test'' kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen değerler ortalama±standart sapma (x̄±ss), anlamlılık düzeyi ise p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Sedanter kadın bireylerin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilen 8 haftalık B-fit egzersiz uygulamalarının vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi, vücut yağ oranı, vücut kas oranı, vücut iç yağ oranı; kol çevresi, göğüs çevresi, bel çevresi, karın çevresi, kalça çevresi ve uyluk çevresi ölçümleri ön test-son test değerleri arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlenirken vücut su oranı ve bacak çevresi ölçümleri ön test-son test değerleri arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 8 hafta boyunca uygulanan B-fit egzersizlerinin sedanter kadın bireylerinin fiziksel uygunluk ve fiziksel görünümleri üzerinde birçok parametre açısından olumlu etkilerinin olduğu söylenebilir.

Background: Anthropometric measurements frequently used in sports sciences and public health is to be informed about the body composition of individuals are simple, cheap, easy and reliable methods. Some of these measurements are body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist hip ratio (WHR) measurements. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the BMI and WHR values of the individuals who exercise at least two days a weak in the gym in terms of age and gender by benefiting from anthropometric measurement methods. Methods: The study involved 528 volunteer individuals, including 72 men (13.6%) and 456 women (86.4%) between the ages of 18 and 65 who exercised in the gym at least two days a week in Malatya, Turkey. The mean age of the participants was 28.56±9.96, the height average was 1.65±.08 and the body weight average was 72.60±14.35. The heights of all participants were taken with a wall-mounted stadiometer (Holtain Ltd., England), their body weights were taken with an electronic scale (Seca, Germany), and their diameter-circumference measurements (hip, waist) were taken with a gullick meter. Results: According to the age variable of the research group, it was determined that there was a low, positive and linear relationship between BMI (r=,361; p<0.05) and WHR (r=,272; p<0.05), and this relationship was statistically significant. In addition, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between BMI and WHR averages depending on the gender variable (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, there is an increase in BMI and WHR with the progress of the age. Similarly, as a result of the increase of BMI, WHR is also increased. While the mean BMI is higher in women than in men, WHR is higher in men than in women. Keywords: Fitness, Exercise, Body mass index, Waist hip ratio

Bu çalışmada farklı ısınma protokollerinin 1-maksimal tekrar skuat performansına (1-MT) etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu en az 3 yıl düzenli fitness sporu yapan 9 erkek (yaş: 25 ± 4,1 yıl, boy: 173,22 ± 8,46 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 75 ± 8,37 kg) oluşturdu. Katılımcılar birbirini izlemeyen günlerde 4 farklı ısınma protokolü uyguladılar. Isınma protokolleri olarak "5 dakika hafif tempo koşu (IUE)", "5 dakika hafif tempo koşu ve statik ısınma (SI)", "5 dakika hafif tempo koşu ve dinamik ısınma (DI)", "5 dakika hafif tempo koşu ve proprioseptif nöromusküler fasilitasyon ısınma (PNF)" uygulandı. Araştırma verilerinde farklı ısınma protokollerinin 1-MT üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesinde "Repeated Measures Anova" testi, performansın hangi ısınma protokolü lehine olduğunun tespitinde çoklu karşılaştırma testlerinden "Bonferroni" analizi uygulandı. Sonuç olarak katılımcıların 1-MT skuat performansı sırasıyla IUE (120.56 kg), PNF (112,78 kg), SI (106,67 kg), DI (122,22 kg) arasında istatistiksel olarak farklılık olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Ayrıca, gönüllülerin skuat 1-MT performansı değerlerinin en fazla dinamik ısınma sonrası görüldüğü belirlendi. Antrenör ve sporculara skuat hareketi öncesinde performanstan daha çok verim alabilmeleri amacıyla dinamik ısınma uygulamaları önerilmektedir.