Abstrak Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah salah satu penyakit menular yang merupakan satu dari sepuluh penyebab kematian di dunia. TB yang paling banyak diderita di dunia adalah TB paru. Anak-anak masuk ke dalam sub-populasi yang terdampak dari infeksi bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis ini. Salah satu pencegahan TB yang dapat dilakukan sejak anak usia 0 adalah vaksin BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) yang diberikan saat anak berusia 0-2 bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status vaksinasi BCG dengan angka kejadian TB Paru pada anak di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur yang melibatkan pencarian sistematik yang dilakukan pada April 2022. Kriteria sampel yang dipilih pada penelitan ini, yaitu anak berusia 0-17 tahun yang terbagi menjadi kelompok TB paru dan non-TB paru serta diketahui status vaksinasinya, yaitu telah vaksin atau tidak vaksin. Seleksi artikel studi dilakukan berdasarkan PRISMA statement. Sebanyak 10 artikel studi dari daerah yang berbeda-beda dengan jumlah sampel paling sedikit 30 dan yang terbanyak 143 dinilai secara kritis. Desain penelitian analitik observasional case-control dan uji bivariat chi-square adalah yang paling banyak digunakan. Dengan menggunakan uji bivariat, terdapat 7 artikel yang menyatakan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian vaksin BCG dengan kejadian TB paru anak, sedangkan 3 artikel lainnya bertolak belakang dengan hasil tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil literature review yang dilakukan, maka disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian vaksin BCG dengan kejadian TB paru anak di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, Anak, Vaksinasi, BCG. Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is one of the world’s top ten causes of death. The most common TB in the world is pulmonary TB. Children fall into the sub-population affected by this Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterial infection. One of the TB prevention measures that can be done for children aged 0 is the BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccine which is given when children are 0-2 months old. This study aimed to determine the relationship between BCG vaccination status and the incidence of pulmonary TB in children in Indonesia. This study uses a literature study method that involves a systematic search conducted in April 2022. The criteria for the sample selected in this research were children aged 0-17 years who were divided into pulmonary TB and non-pulmonary TB groups, and their vaccination status was known, namely whether they had been vaccinated or not vaccinated. The selection of study articles was carried out based on the PRISMA statement. A total of 11 study articles from different regions with a minimum sample size of 30 and a maximum of 400 were critically assessed. The case-control observational analytical research design and the bivariate chi-square test were the most widely used. Eight articles stated a significant relationship between the administration of the BCG vaccine and the incidence of pulmonary TB in children, while the other three articles contradicted these results after being tested for bivariate statistics. Based on the results of the literature review, it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the administration of the BCG vaccine and the incidence of pulmonary TB in children in Indonesia. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Children, Vaccination, BCG.

The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are high in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries with high prevalence of these infections varied from 20 to 63%. The T. gondii and CMV infections infections can be chronic and cause maternal and fetal deatht as well as infant defects. Previous clinical study reported that chronic infections can cause somatic symptoms indicating psychological stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between T. gondii and CMV infections with somatic symptoms. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design involving 103 eligible patients with seropositive IgG T. gondii or and CMV from six cities in Java, Indonesia. The presence of somatic symptoms was detected by using somatic symptoms inventory (SSI) questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation. The percentage of patients with somatic symptoms (SSI score >48) in seropositive groups of IgG anti-T. gondii, anti-CMV, anti-T. gondii and CMV were 70.0; 62.2 and 36.2%, respectively. In addition, the prevalence ratio (PR) for each group were 1.333, 1.178, and 0.954, respectively. No significantly different in PR was observed in this study (p>0.05). In conclusion, the T. gondii and CMV infections are not correlted with the somatic symptoms. Isti Anindya et al., Correlation between Toxoplasma gondii and Cytomegalovirus infections and somatic symptom in community berturut-turut adalah 1,333; 1,178 dan 0,954. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna dalam RP dari hasil penelitian ini (p>0.05). Dapat disimpulkan infeksi T. gondii dan CMV tidak berhubungan dengan gejala somatik.

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a frightening global disease, especially because of its high contagiousness. This study aimed to identify the future anxiety regarding immunity status in nursing students who work in hospitals, especially those caring for patients with COVID-19. This study design was cross-sectional with standard translated instruments of the Future Anxiety Scale and Immune Status Questionnaire administered using a Google Form to 102 respondents. Results revealed that among the respondents, 87 experienced severe psychological anxiety (85.3%), 46 experienced moderate social anxiety (45.1%), 42 experienced moderate economic anxiety (41.2%), 38 experienced mild media anxiety (37.3%), 53 experienced mild religious anxiety (52%), 45 experienced moderate general anxiety (44.1%), and 61 had mostly good immunity status (59.8%). The relationship between psychological, social, economic, media, and general anxiety with immunity status was (p = 0.835), (p = 0.052), (p = 0.514), (p = 0.414), (p = 0.160), and (p = 0.123), respectively. In conclusion, a dominant future anxiety rate was found in the respondents but showed no relationship with immunity status. Future studies must include heterogeneous respondents and moderate variables to further improve the accuracy of the findings. The present results serve as justification for a program to address anxiety in nursing students during clinical practice in pandemic times.   AbstrakKecemasan Masa Depan dan Status Imun pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Selama Pandemi COVID-19. Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) menjadi salah satu penyakit yang menakutkan di masyarakat global, terlebih karena sifat penularannya yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kecemasan masa depan mahasiswa keperawatan yang bekerja di rumah sakit, khususnya yang merawat pasien COVID-19, terhadap status imunitas mahasiswa itu sendiri. Penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional, dengan menggunakan terjemahan dari Future Anxiety Scale (FAS) dan Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ) dengan yang difasilitasi aplikasi Google Formulir kepada 102 mahasiswa keperawatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 87 responden mengalami kecemasan psikologis berat (85,3%), kecemasan sosial sedang 46 (45,1%), kecemasan ekonomi sedang 42 (41,2%), kecemasan media ringan 38 (37,3%), kecemasan religi ringan 53 (52%), kecemasan umum sedang 45 (44,1%), status imunitas sebagian besar baik 61 (59,8%). Hubungan antara kecemasan psikologis, sosial, ekonomi, media, dan kecemasan umum dengan status imunitas yaitu (p = 0,835), (p = 0,052), (p = 0,514), (p = 0,414), (p = 0,160), dan (p = 0,123). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat angka kecemasan masa depan yang dominan pada responden tetapi tidak ditemukan hubungannya dengan status imunitas. Pada studi selanjutnya, perlu dilakukan pendekatan penelitian dengan melibatkan responden yang lebih heterogen dengan mempertimbangkan memasukkan variabel moderat untuk lebih meningkatkan akurasi penelitian yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian ini menjadi suatu justifikasi tentang perlunya sebuah program untuk mengatasi kecemasan pada mahasiswa keperawatan selama praktik klinik di masa pandemi.Kata Kunci:COVID-19, imunitas, kecemasan masa depan, perawat

One of the causes of Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a viral infection in the mother during pregnancy. The most recorded infections were Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. Inappropriate parenting can affect the psychological condition of CP children. Psychological conditions that are not good can cause the child's immune system to decrease and increase the risk of CMV reactivation. This is one factor in the emergence of parental anxiety about the future sustainability of their CP children. It was to determine the relationship of anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) Immunoglobulin G in children with CP with future anxiety among parents. The design of this study used a cross-sectional approach that using CP children and their parents. Serological examination used the ELFA (Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay) method for 40 CP children and a questionnaire on the future anxiety of parents of children with special needs were answered directly by the parents of CP children, 40 fathers and 40 mothers. Analysis of the research data used Spearman Rank. The results of this study found an anti-CMV IgG seropositive relationship in CP children with future anxiety in fathers (p-value = 0.022; a 0.05) and mothers (p-value = 0.011; a 0.05). If anxiety in parents has not good treatment, it will impact the care of CP children, the developmental progress of CP children will not optimal.

Introduction: At the end of December 2019, the world received bad news regarding a new outbreak that emerged due to a viral infection. The disease that arises due to this viral infection is named COVID 19 (Coronavirus Disease 19). The easiest access to news to get information about COVID19 is social media. Unwise use of social media can increase the risk of psychological disorders, one of which is somatic symptoms. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to look at the risk of somatic symptoms in social media users who were exposed to information about COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methods: The research method used a cross-sectional approach with an online survey method (391 respondents). The research tool used was a modification of the Somatic Symptom Inventory-24 item instrument and social media activity instruments. Results:The results of the study found that 74.5% of respondents were at risk of experiencing somatic symptoms in the moderate to low category (score ≤ 48) for users with low social media activity and 25.5% of respondents on high activity. A statistical relationship was found between somatic symptoms and social media activity with a p-value of 0.000 which means ≤ 0.005 (chisquare). Social media users with high and low activity had the same risk of experiencing somatic symptoms (OR = 1,061). Conclusion:The activities of accessing COVID-19 information through social media need to be limited to prevent the emergence of psychological disorders.