Family farming has stood out in the national agricultural scenario for generally seeking socially just and environmentally sustainable forms of cultivation. In this sense, the present study aimed to perform a socioeconomic and environmental analysis in a group of family farmers living in a rural settlement in the state of Piauí. To elaborate the profile, questionnaires with multiple choice questions were applied, containing variables of socioeconomic and environmental aspects. Sixty households participated in the study and questionnaires were applied through interviews. Most residences are owned, with an average of 4 to 5 residents, most of whom are married, with low education and low monthly income with agriculture and social benefits as the main sources of income. In general, participants are concerned with preservation and protection, but few actions are characterized as environmentally sustainable practice. Thus, the settlement needs strategies aimed at improving income and protecting the environment.