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SummaryPrevious observations of pseudointimal organization within impermeable cardiovascular prostheses indicated that rapid spontaneous healing was dependent upon proximity of host vascular tissue a t the suture line. Autologous connective tissue fragments were prepared from skeletal muscle biopsies by blender-mincing muscle tissue. The fragments were embedded in the fabric used to line the inner wall of arterial prostheses. A tightly fitting piston was drawn through the prosthesis, forcing the suspended tissue fragments to flow around the piston and become entwined in the loops of the velour fabric. The arterial prostheses prepared in this way were inserted as replacements for segments of canine abdominal aorta. This in vivo culture system supported cellular proliferation and pseudointimas healed uniformly. Pseudointimas of paracorporeal punips in operation for as long as 5 weeks did not show signs of healing. The same principle of filtration of tissue fragments into a lining fabric was applied to diaphragms of left ventricular bypass pumps. This type of paracorporeal pump supported in vivo culture of iniplanted fragments.Cardiovascular prosthetic materials were tested in the form of arterial prostheses. This provided a cwnvenient test system in which adequate numbers of experimental animals could be used. Impernieable prostheses (designated Silastic-nylon) made of Silast ic with a bonded inner fabric lining of riylori velour were evaluated. Preliminary studies of 8 cm grafts placed in canine aortas indicaated that organization of the fibrinous pseudointima by cells derived 20 1