The objective of this study was to characterize banana farms in the Cuyani Microbasin in the district of Pichanaki, Chanchamayo province (Junín, Peru). We worked with a producer organization that has 400 partners, of which a sample was taken (n = 80) using the proportions method. It was found that the banana farms are very diverse, the person in charge is mostly a man, but there is an interesting percentage of the female gender in the administration of the farms. In general, producers have a basic educational level. The production system is traditional, the banana is grown alone or associated with other crops, such as coffee. Most producers consider that pests and diseases are the main factors limiting production, since they reduce yields and increase production costs. The farms were classified in five groups, the most important of which was 45% of the farms whose owner is a male, between 44 and 56 years old, with secondary education, who lives on the same farm. They do not have a property title, the house does not have basic services, and they have poultry and guinea pigs. They have 2 to 3 hectares of banana (cultivars: Island and Palillo, 600 to 1000 plants/ha). Its production costs are between 2000 and 3600 soles and a yield of 6.5 to 7.5 t/ha. The cultivar Isla is the most common but also the cultivars Palillo, Morado and Biscocho are planted.

The study was carried out in the Cuyani Microbasin in the district of Pichanaki (Peru), with the main goal of describing pineapple farms. A sample of 31 producers out of a total of 45 was selected, using the "Proportions Method". In addition, a survey was conducted with questions related to economic, social, environmental aspects. It was found that the person in charge of the farm is mostly male, above 33 years of age and most of them with full high school education. The farm has a total extension between 1 to 10 ha, of which only 0.25 to 1.5 ha is planted with pineapple, mainly under a conventional production system, with yields ranging from 50 to 80 t / ha in varieties such as Hawaiian and MD2 (Golden) and consider that weeds and diseases are the most important limiting factors of the crop. The conglomerate analysis by the Ward Method with a square Euclidean distance of 1500 brought the farms together into five groups, the largest group comprising 38.7% of farms.

El objetivo principal del presente estudio es desarrollar un sistema de regeneración eficiente de plantas de papayo del cultivar PT-101-B, a través de embriogénesis somática. Se utilizaron embriones de semillas de frutos de papayo. Los embriones cigóticos fueron sembrados en medio basal Murashige-Skoog a mitad de concentración, suplementado con sucrosa al 3% y gelrite al 0,3%. Se ensayaron concentraciones de 2, 5, 10 y 15 mg.l-1 de acido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacetico. El pH del medio fue ajustado a 5,8. Las placas permanecieron en oscuridad. Los callos embriogénicos fueron trasladados a medio basal Murashige-Skoog suplementado con 0,15 y 0,2 mg.l-1 de 6-benzilaminopurina más 0; 0,15 y 0,2 mg.l-1 de Kinetina. El material experimental fue expuesto a una intensidad lumínica de 2500 a 3000 lux y un fotoperíodo de 12 horas luz. Se comprobó que el medio de cultivo con 10 mg.l-1 de 2,4-diclorofenoxiacetico presenta la concentración apropiada para inducir la formación de callos embriogénicos, llegando a presentar un 90% de formación de callos embriogénicos. El medio de cultivo con 0,15 mg.l-1 de 6- benzilaminopurina fue suficiente para promover la germinación, el desarrollo y enraizamiento de los embriones somáticos.