São apresentadas, nessa separata, as principais orientações sobre a atenção às complicações do pé diabético. A neuropatia, com suas diversas apresentações que acometem os membros inferiores dos diabéticos, as lesões da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), as múltiplas apresentações da infecção do pé diabético, e, principalmente, os cuidados preventivos que possam impedir o estabelecimento ou a evolução dessas complicações são tratados de forma sistemática e simplificada, visando a atenção integral desses doentes. Especial cuidado é dado às orientações diferenciadas para os diversos níveis de atenção nos serviços públicos de saúde, porta de entrada virtual de 80% dos infelizes portadores dessa complicação. São aqui apresentados modelos de atenção e sugeridos protocolos que podem contribuir para a efetiva redução do número de amputações, internações e óbitos de diabéticos com complicações nos membros inferiores

MDCT allowed diagnosis of different types of endoluminal thrombosis in patients submitted to endovascular repair of aortic abdominal aneurysm. Utilization of this minimally invasive diagnostic technique should be encouraged in clinical practice.

No abstract

Venous thrombosis (VT) is a preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients. The main strategy to decrease VT incidence is timely thromboprophylaxis in at-risk patients. We sought to evaluate the reliability of risk assessment model (RAM) data, the incremental usefulness of additional variables and the modelling of an adjusted score (the NAVAL score). We used the RAM proposed by Caprini for initial assessment. A 5 % systematic sample of data was independently reviewed for reliability. We evaluated the incremental usefulness of six variables for VT during the score modelling by logistic regression. We then assessed the NAVAL score for calibration, reclassification and discrimination performances. We observed 11,091 patients with 37 (0.3 %) VT events. Using the Caprini RAM, high-risk and moderate-risk patients were respectively associated with a 17.4 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 6.1-49.9) and 4.2 (95 % CI 1.6-11.0) increased VT risk compared with low-risk patients. Four independent variables were selected for the NAVAL score: "Age", "Admission clinic", "History of previous VT event" and "History of thrombophilia". The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve for the NAVAL score was 0.72 (95 % CI 0.63-0.81). The Net Reclassification Index (NRI) for the NAVAL score compared with the Caprini RAM was -0.1 (95 % CI -0.3 to 0.1; p = 0.28). We conclude that the NAVAL score is a simplified tool for the stratification of VT risk in hospitalized patients. With only four variables, it demonstrated good performance and discrimination, but requires external validation before clinical application. We also confirm that the Caprini RAM can effectively stratify VT risk in hospitalized patients in our population.

A Brazilian National Registry was established in 1999 to investigate the incidence of risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized medical and surgical patients and to investigate the use of thromboprophylaxis in these populations. A 4-year pilot study confirmed the feasibility and value of a registry project in this region, showing a dramatic increase in the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) over the study period, associated with a sixfold reduction in the incidence of symptomatic VTE. Data on more than 27,000 patients from the Brazilian Registry have revealed that almost 25% of high-risk patients and 45% of those at moderate risk currently receive no thromboprophylaxis. Among the high-risk patients-in whom general measures alone are not considered appropriate prophylaxis-42% of patients did not receive pharmacological prophylaxis with either LMWH or unfractionated heparin. The Brazilian Registry highlights the need to raise awareness of VTE risk factors and recommended prophylactic regimens in Latin America.