This is the first reported example of a clinical bacterial isolate that requires an antimicrobial agent to grow.

Unlike the situation with many antimicrobial agents, there is limited experience with the use of amphotericin B during pregnancy. Although reports of fungal infections during pregnancy have been published, few describe fungemia with either Candida or Torulopsis species. We present a case of fungemia due to Torulopsis glabrata that occurred during pregnancy and that was treated with amphotericin B. Drug concentrations were measured in placental tissue, cord serum, and infant serum at delivery. Although the last dose of amphotericin B was administered 4 weeks before delivery, the concentrations in all three specimens were still within the MIC ranges for most strains of Candida albicans and T. glabrata as measured by broth dilution. We speculate that persistent tissue concentrations of amphotericin B most likely contributed to the sustained hypokalemia in the mother and the increased creatinine level in the infant. In the latter case, placental tissue may have served as the reservoir from which amphotericin B was slowly released into fetal circulation.

A registries' data match can provide useful information and result in improved validity for both registries. Although women with AIDS initially appeared to have a higher risk of having active TB, additional parallel analyses suggested that this effect was primarily the result of the 1993 expansion of the definition of AIDS.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a small RNA virus. It was first isolated in the blood of a febrile woman in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937. Although WNV has caused human disease in Africa and Europe since its identification, the first documented human infections occurred in the United States in 1999. Wild birds are the reservoir for WNV, and most transmission to humans occurs after the bite of an infected mosquito. In humans, 80% of infections are asymptomatic and nearly 20% cause a mild self-limiting illness called WNV fever. Less than 1% will develop central nervous system (CNS) infection, which manifests as meningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis. The case fatality rate for CNS infection is approximately 15%. Human vaccine is not available. Personal mosquito protection remains the best prevention, and treatment is supportive.

No abstract