Diabetes is a metabolic condition that is exponentially increasing worldwide. Current monitoring methods for diabetes are invasive, painful, and expensive. Herein, we present the first multipatient clinical trial that demonstrates clearly that tear fluid may be a valuable marker for systemic glucose measurements. The NovioSense Glucose Sensor, worn under the lower eye lid (inferior conjunctival fornix), is reported to continuously measure glucose levels in the basal tear fluid with good correlation to blood glucose values, showing clear clinical feasibility in both animals and humans. Furthermore, the polysaccharide coated device previously reported by our laboratory when worn, does not induce pain or irritation. In a phase II clinical trial, six patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus were enrolled and the capability of the device to measure glucose in the tear fluid was evaluated. The NovioSense Glucose Sensor gives a stable signal and the results correlate well to blood glucose values obtained from finger-prick measurements determined by consensus error grid analysis.

A lack of gravity experienced during space flight has been shown to have profound effects on human physiology including muscle atrophy, reductions in bone density and immune function, and endocrine disorders. At present, these physiological changes present major obstacles to long-term space missions. What is not clear is which pathophysiological disruptions reflect changes at the cellular level versus changes that occur due to the impact of weightlessness on the entire body. This review focuses on current research investigating the impact of microgravity at the cellular level including cellular morphology, proliferation, and adhesion. As direct research in space is currently cost prohibitive, we describe here the use of microgravity simulators for studies at the cellular level. Such instruments provide valuable tools for cost-effective research to better discern the impact of weightlessness on cellular function. Despite recent advances in understanding the relationship between extracellular forces and cell behavior, very little is understood about cellular biology and mechanotransduction under microgravity conditions. This review will examine recent insights into the impact of simulated microgravity on cell biology and how this technology may provide new insight into advancing our understanding of mechanically driven biology and disease.

We describe a novel modular approach to a series of luminescent iridium complexes bearing triazolepyridine-derived ligands that were conveniently prepared by using ''click'' chemistry. One, two or three triazole-pyridine units were effectively built into the heteroaromatic macromolecule using versatile acetylene-and azide-functionalised precursors. Using this approach, a series of iridium-derived molecules, that differ in the number of iridium centres, the structural characteristics of the cyclometalating ligand and the backbone, were synthesised. The preliminary photophysical properties of the prepared complexes indicate that there is only limited interaction (through space or through the backbone) between the iridium centres within one molecule and that each iridium centre retains its individual properties. The results show that our approach can be generally applied towards covalently linked multichromophoric systems with potential application, for instance, in the design and preparation of tunable light emitters. As a demonstration of this concept, a single molecule white-light emitter, constructed from two iridium centres (yellow emission) and a fluorene unit (blue emission), is presented.

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1IntroductionWearable sensor technology is at the forefront of popular media and at the same time is the subject of intense activity in the scientific world. Thes cientificallyd rivenq uantified self focuseso nc ollecting data on the human state to gather information to improve quality of life,t he more extreme end of the spectrume ncompasses biohacktivism and the post-humanist grinderm ovementa dvocating the use of DIY implants to augment the human body to at ranshuman state. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].T he focus of the current state of the mainstreama rt rests in augmenting the body with ar ange of relatively simplistica rtificial sensors such as temperature,a ccelerometers for posture and motion, electrocardiology,a nd basic chemical sensors sucha sg lucose monitors.I nf act the body is already at reasure-trove of informationa nd integrated sensor systems that are waitingt ob et apped by the next generation of wearable sensor devices.T he human brain like am odern computer or smartphone,c an process thousands of signals from various inputs in an instant. These primary senses were first definedb yA ristotle in Sense and Sensebilia [14] however it was rather Plato in Theateus that first postulated to humansa nd animals being an etwork of "perceptions" when Socratess tatedt hat "The nameless ones are unlimited in number, but those which have been given names are extremely numerous" [15].J ust as am odern smartphone incorporates multiple sensors such as gyroscope, accelerometer, magnetometer and barometers in concert to accurately determine,a ggregate and presents implified locationa nd orientation information to the end user each of the five traditional perceptionsa re the result of multiple sensory functionsw ithin the human body.Fort he purpose of thisr eview we classify the multitude of sensory systems into the Aristotle model of five key senses used to gather information about the outside world. Theh uman body represents an immense source of data collection aggregation and archiving relating to surroundings,b iochemical and temporal processes that allow the brain to understand the environment and its effecto n the body in real time.T he potential to access such ah uge reservoir of data that can be captured from existing bodily sensor systems is the next greatest challengei n sensor development. Rather than develop ever more complicated sensor devices the biggest challenge is how to interface with the existing bodily data streams and harvestt his information to aid in diagnostics,h ealth and wellbeing.Between detectiona nd conscious sensationt herei so ne more essential step that holds the key to accessing the human big data set:d igitalization. In computer terms this is what happens between the first tap of ak ey on ak eyboard and its visualization on the computers creen.W ith computers the processi sr elatively simple,p ushingakey simply closes ac ircuit generating ac urrentt hat travels to the processing unit, where its unique pattern is decoded and translated to the character [16].Inthe b...