Effective employee motivation needs leaders who are able to formulate visions of incentive programs and who have positive influence on employees. Leaders are able to analyse the environment regarding the level of motivation, barriers to motivation and are able to develop an effective motivation system. A motivation system refers to a system illustrating basic motives, motivation preferences, intentions and priorities, incentives being applied and their effects. The authors of the paper attempt to assess the level of employee motivation in a trading company and its relation to work performance. The research was conducted in the months of September -December 2016 and 213 respondents were asked to fill out the questionnaire. A Pareto chart was used illustrate the research results.

ABSTRACT. The authors of the study draw attention to the factors making the workforce leave the Slovak labour market to work abroad. Survey respondents worked abroad. There is no institution in the Slovak Republic keeping records about the number of Slovaks who study and work abroad. There are only estimates available based on secondary information, such as registration of citizens with health insurance companies. In the future, labour shortages will become a serious problem not only for developed EU countries, but also for the Slovak Republic. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the reasons why, especially young people, decide to leave Slovakia to work abroad. The purpose of the study is to analyse selected areas of issues arising from the questionnaire survey conducted by the Department of Management and Human Resource Development of the Faculty of Social and Economic Relations from November 2015 to January 2016. 658 respondents participated in the survey, and the questionnaire contained 34 questions with 6 attributive descriptions. The findings related to the selected areas of issues are presented in the study.

Migration is historically a social phenomenon that not only has a significant effect on politics, economics, and social aspects but also presents challenges to the security of states and alters population composition in countries. Labor migration and its investigation are becoming a society-wide phenomenon because of the labor force shortage as well as the aging population. The Slovak Republic is a country that faces the outflow of qualified workers abroad, and the country’s index of aging is one of the most dynamic in Europe. The current study aims at examining the relations and the reasons for emigration to work from the Slovak Republic. To identify the causes of labor emigration in the Slovak Republic, a survey was conducted to explore the decisions of people to emigrate for work, the duration of the stay abroad and the possibility of returning to Slovakia. This study also analyses the relationship between GDP growth and improvement of the economic situation in Slovakia, the number of labor emigrants, as well as the relationship between the minimum wage and the number of labor migrants.

ABSTRACT. We find it interesting and useful to examine regional differences in labor force and here we focus on the comparison of regional differences in Slovakia and Czech Republic, the countries that are very close in terms of population mentality and way of life. A significant share of highly skilled labor force in both countries in question leaves homes, thus external migration. Labor force is beginning to be a serious problem for both economies. In this study our objective is to evaluate and compare regional differences in labor force migration in Czech Republic and in Slovak Republic. We used the questionnaire method with a random selection of respondents. Further, we used descriptive statistics and our hypotheses have been evaluated by means of chi-square method. We have found that attitudes differ considerably between the respondents in Czech Republic and Slovakia. JEL Classification: R23, F22, O15

Abstract:The aim of this paper is to study the developments and trends in higher education. The mission of universities is to develop harmonious personality, knowledge, wisdom, goodness, and creativity in a person and to contribute to the development of education, science, culture and health for the welfare of the whole society. It is necessary to pay attention to changing trends in the labor market in connection with the introduction of new technologies and the creation of new jobs as well as the changing requirements of employers in order to fulfill this mission. Despite falling unemployment, it is still necessary to pay significant attention to the preparation of the new workforce which enters the labor market and mainly to the education of a highly qualified workforce that is required by the labor market. The authors are dedicated to education itself as well as educational trends, they sought to underpin the theoretical background of education through statistical indicators. The authors used a time series analysis for the identification of trends and changes of the monitored parameters. They used a regression analysis for the prognosis of trends and have been using the index of correlation and determination for the choice of the most probable future development. It is essential that the training of the workforce for the labor market and the education sector respond to the changes in a flexible manner. The conventional way of education will become substandard over several years, not only the content but also a technological transformation will be required.