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Daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L) merupakan suatu tanaman obat. Minyak atsiri daun sirih hijau memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dari senyawa fenolik dan turunannya. Streptococcus pyogenes dan Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan radang tenggorokan (faringitis). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui cara memperoleh minyak atsiri dari daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) menggunakan metoda destilasi uap-air dan mengetahui aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode sumuran. Daun sirih hijau sebanyak 5 kg diisolasi menggunakan destilasi uap-air menghasilkan minyak atsiri sebanyak 9 mL, dengan rendemen 0,135 %, bobot jenis 0,750 g/mL, dan indeks bias 1,337. Adapun hasil analisis GC-MS minyak atsiri daun sirih hijau diperoleh 10 senyawa dominan yaitu senyawa kavikol, eugenol, germacren D, karyofilen, eugenol asetat, 2-alifenol, β-chamigren, α-kadinen, terpineol, dan α-humulen. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dari minyak atsiri daun sirih hijau pada kosentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, dan 40% dapat menghambat bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan kategori hambatan lemah sampai sedang untuk bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes dan kategori hambatan lemah sampai kuat untuk bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.

Plant red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) is one of the many spices used as bio-pharmacy products which contain essential oil that is active as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. Isolation of volatile oil from red galangal rhizome (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) uses the method of water and steam distillation so as to get the rendemen 0.1062%, the density 0.9524 g/mL and the index of refraction by 1.4862. Results from GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) retrieved 30 compounds contained in red galangal rhizome oil with 10 major compounds i.e. 1,8-cineole (40.92%), acetyl chavicol (10.33%), cis β-farnesene (6.91%), 1-caryophillene (6.32%), 1-β-bisabolene (3.37%), βelemene (3.23%), α-pinene (3.20%), β-sesquiphellandrene (2.32%), β-pinene (2.21%), and germacrene-D (1.90%). The inhibition test was done by agar diffusion method and different variations of concentration (1, 2, 3 and 4%) compared with ketoconazole 2% as positive controls and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as negative controls with an incubation period of 2x24 hours. The test results show that the essential oil of red galangal rhizome (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) can inhibit the growth of the fungus Malassezia furfur with the inhibitory power on concentrations1, 2, 3 and 4% were 7.15 mm, 13.87 mm, 16.05 mm and 20.05 mm, respectively. As for comparison, ketoconazole 2% was used as positive (+) control that produces inhibitory zone 27.20 mm and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as negative control (-) which does not produce inhibitory zones.

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