High production of viable somatic embryos was obtained from cultured anthers in the second phase of meiosis, using microscopic level observations of tetrads. The medium with the greatest embryogenic efficiency was H6, composed of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg l À1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg l À1 of kinetin. All (100%) of the somatic embryos obtained germinated and produced 63% green and 37% albino seedlings. In general, embryogenic calli had a higher ion concentration than non-embryogenic calli, with the exception of calcium whose concentration was higher in non-embryogenic calli. The calli induced in the different media differed in their sucrose and starch compositions. The most embryogenic medium H6-induced calli with the highest sucrose concentration and the lowest starch concentration, before visible embryos were observed. In the leaves of the albino seedlings, sucrose concentrations were very high while those of starch were very low. Ion concentrations were also lower in albino plants than in the leaves of green seedlings, with the exception of calcium, whose concentration was higher. Most of the albino individuals were homozygous, even when their progenitors were heterozygous, thereby confirming their haploid nature.

A high proportion (4.7%) of hospital admissions are caused by potentially preventable ADEs. Results obtained justified the need to adopt measures directed at improving surveillance and prescription quality, and educating patients in safe drug use, focusing especially on older patients and narrow therapeutic index drugs.

Saffron embryogenic calli increased fresh weight four times when cultured in a temporary immersion system compared to those cultured in solid medium. Paclobutrazol was effective reducing hyperhydricity in the explants; the best results were obtained with 1mg/l. The development of somatic embryos on solid medium was significantly improved with the addition jasmonic acid (0,5 mg/l). Saffron somatic embryos contained more conjugated than free polyamines. This was true for all stages of embryogenesis except for initial stage. The establishment of polar embryos determined a significant increase in the level of polyamines mainly due to a drastic rise in the conjugation of the diamines diaminepropane and putrescine. This stage was also characterized by the depletion of free diaminepropane. In dipolar embryos a decrease in the concentration of conjugated polyamines was observed. The last stage of regeneration, in which corms are well formed at the base of each plantlet, coincided with further reduction in total polyamines; the almost complete depletion of most free polyamines (only traces of putrescine and spermine are detected), being conjugated spermidine the most predominant amine.

Primary care is a suitable context for an intervention against tobacco dependency, through the use of any of the established interventions: one-off medical counselling, systematic minimal intervention, or specialist drug treatment through NRT. Therefore, these kinds of intervention must form part of PC clinics' daily activity.

Personalized care, the time dedicated by the professional, the continuity of care, and waiting lists are the principal areas related to the perceived satisfaction of the patients. The possible responses to improve this situation are: the implementation of changes in the care management and organisation which would simplify the procedures, investment of resources (human and economic), changes in the model of the professional-patient relationship, and improvements in undergraduate and postgraduate training.