The study aims to provide some evidence of the effects of CSR practices on financial-based brand equity in Malaysia. Nowadays, many companies have embraced corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices because CSR is a vital component of the current competitive and complex business arena. It contributes greatly to social, environmental, and economic condition. With CSR practices, companies are able to achieve many benefits and there is evidence that CSR practices predict higher brand equity. However, little evidence has been produced concerning the effects of CSR practices on financial aspects of brand equity in developing countries such as Malaysia. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the effects of CSR practices on financial based brand equity among Malaysia Top 100 brand. A CSR checklist instrument was used in the current study to examine the extent of CSR practiced. The results indicated that PLCs that were actively involved in CSR practices such as environmental, community, workplace and marketplace, found that this involvement enhanced their brand equity. The findings provide useful support and evidence for the management of PLCs in Malaysia, as well as companies in other developing countries, to engage more in CSR practices as a core element of their strategic and brand management.

Purpose -This study seeks to investigate the potential gap between important dimensions of business graduates' attributes and the actual performance of these graduates in their post-graduate employment. These graduates have completed a business-related degree from the business management faculty of a higher education institution (HEI) located in Peninsular Malaysia. The dimensions of attributes and the performance of these graduates are considered in four broad areas, namely, knowledge, skills, abilities, and personality. Design/methodology/approach -A questionnaire seeking responses from managers reflecting their importance ratings of essential attributes for business graduates, and the corresponding performance ratings of the graduates in these attributes, was distributed to managers of all companies employing the graduates from the business school. Importance-performance analysis was used to evaluate the managers' perceptions of these graduates and to determine their actual performance. The graduates' information was obtained from the records of the HEI's alumni. Findings -The results of this study reveal that managers attach different weights to different aspects of graduates' performance. Therefore, curriculum development should be directed towards attributes that are expected of these graduates and are relevant to the needs of the market and industry. This will allow for corrective action to take place to improve perceived problem areas.Research limitations/implications -Since this research is a case study of business management faculty graduates, future nationwide research could be carried out on graduates from all HEIs employed in different industries and involving different levels of management and employment to determine whether a consistent pattern is discernable. Originality/value -There are only a few studies that have included employer research surveys with the intention of evaluating factors contributing to graduate performance and improving the business management curriculum of HEIs in Malaysia.

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This study further extends a theoretical model of psychological empowerment by investigating the relationships between self-efficacy, self-confidence and self-esteem. A sample of by 383 of Malaysian undergraduates participating in Work Integrated Learning (WIL)programmes across five public universities is used to test the model employing partial-least squares based structural equation modelling .The results have demonstrated  that self-efficacy and self-esteem have a positive and significant relationship with self-confidence. This study also confirms the moderating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between self-efficacy and self-confidence.  Furthermore, the findings of this study provide insight of the influence of WIL programmes on the undergraduates’ psychological attributes. These findings have implications for WIL stakeholders, which are highlighted in the paper.

Global goals for sustainable development is shaping the future on purchase behaviour through its trends in sustainable production and consumption. Green marketing mix strategies are seen to put an end to the conventional marketing strategies and is a path breaker that affects the value proposition that leads green purchasing decision (GPD). Thus, to reduces ecological footprint through green marketing mix strategies, this study aims to identify factors that influences young consumers to migrate to GPD. The study was conducted in two phases. Firstly, a qualitative approach was used to extract the current theme in green marketing by interviewing 5 focus groups. The themes were compared with other studies to identify the relevancy of the items and was consequently validated with experts from the relevant industrial and academic field. The final questionnaire was distributed to 200 Gen Y respondents in Malaysia. The data was analysed using the SMART PLS 3.0. The result shows that green marketing mix factors except price influence the trends on Gen Y GPD in Malaysia. The findings are very useful for marketers and manufacturers to understand, and redefining their green marketing mix strategies to meet the global sustainability goals. The fine points discussed in the findings and discussion section is also useful for organizations to implement strategies to attract green consumers to make the green purchases