Reading consists of processing written data which are transmitted by text and thus reading is seen as a complex language skill. A prerequisite for the development of reading skills is developing phonological awareness and forming verbal representations. Success in solving tasks of phonological awareness is a predictor of reading abilities. For those reasons, this research attempts to determine the connection and mutual influence between these abilities. The research is designed as a cross-sectional study and it was conducted at Primary School "Dušan Radović" in Novi Sad from February to March 2020. The research sample consisted of 31 students (19 boys and 12 girls) whose average age was 8 years and 8 month. The included assessment instruments were the Three-dimensional Reading Test - "Samo jedan snežni dan" and the "FONT" test used for assessing phonological awareness. The findings of this research confirm the correlation between phonological awareness and reading errors in second-grade students. On the basis of this research, it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between phonological awareness and reading ability and that their mutual influence is reciprocal, i.e. the development of one ability is a prerequisite for the development of the second one.

Mastering the skills of reading and writing encourages intensive lexical development that enriches the ability to speak and write. The presence of a delay or an identified speech and/or language disorder at an early age affects the outcome of learning these skills. The aim of this paper is to familiarize readers with the characteristics of apraxia of speech and to draw attention to the difficulties these children exhibit in the process of learning to read and write. Apraxia of speech represents a difficulty in planning and programming the position of the speech organs that are required for the production of speech sounds. For a long time it was believed that this was exclusively a motor speech disorder. New findings changed the aspect of observing this disorder where language disorders were also identified in these children. The primary reason for children with apraxia of speech having difficulty acquiring reading and writing is a delay in the development of phonological awareness, which is known to be the basis of the language system for learning academic skills. Research dealing with the characteristics of written language in children with apraxia of speech is scarce, especially in the Serbian language. A review of the available literature found an emphasis on the presence of language barriers that are assumed to hinder the acquisition of these skills, which subsequently results in poorer academic performance.

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U ovom radu biće analizirani uslovi rada stručnih radnika koji su u neposrednom kontaktu sa decom sa smetnjama u razvoju tokom pandemije koronavirusa (COVID-19), ali i potencijalna rešenja za prevazilaženje izazova sa kojima su se susretali u proteklom periodu. Strategije javnog zdravlja poput mera socijalnog distanciranja i prestanka rada određenih institucija, koje su mnoge zemlje uključujući i Republiku Srbiju donele tokom 2020. i 2021. godine u cilju sprečavanja širenja pandemije koronavirusa (COVID-19), uticale su na promene u svakodnevnoj rutini ljudi širom sveta. Zbog ovih mera dolazi do ograničenog pristupa resursima koje su u redovnim okolnostima deca sa smetnjama u razvoju koristila – vaspitno-obrazovnom sistemu i sistemu zdravstvene i socijalne zaštite. Sistematskim pregledom aktuelne literature u ovom radu ističemo specifičnu poziciju stručnjaka koji rade sa decom tokom pandemije koronavirusa (COVID-19), uz poseban osvrt na lično zadovoljstvo poslom i samoefikasnost pre i u toku pandemije, te nivo stresa i izazove sa kojima se susreću defektolozi, kao i načine prevazilaženja novonastalih uslova rada. Pandemija preusmerava fokus rada stručnjaka sa direktnog rada sa detetom na procese i postupke saradnje sa roditeljima i/ili starateljima u većoj meri nego što je to bio slučaj u periodu pre pandemije.