Stunting in under-five children is a reduced growth rate primarily caused by chronic undernutrition that leads to a child having height much less than is normal for age. This condition manifests mostly after two years old. The definition of stunting according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is for the "height for age" value to be less than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median. Indonesia has been plagued recently with stunting. In 2015, the World Bank indicates that stunting has cost 3 to 11 percent of the gross domestic product. Previous research works have documented that mothers play an important role in preventing stunting through antenatal care and child nursing. The objective of this study is to explore the role played by the mothers in Bunaken, Manado, in antenatal care and child nursing that prevent stunting. Samples are drawn using purposive sampling and data are analysis descriptively. The results show that the mothers’ roles include taking antenatal check up to four times during pregnancy, daily use of FE 90 pill, participating in pregnancy counseling and care, delivery by health professionals, attending integrated service post (posyandu), visiting health professionals for postnatal care, completing universal immunization on child over 12 months old, and participating in educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment at least once a month. Of these eight recorded roles, however, there are merely 20% mothers indicate they regularly taking part in pregnancy counseling and care. Furthermore, only one percent (n = 3) respondents that report they attending educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment.

The research has been done in Bolaang Mongondow. The aim of the research are to know the comparative advantage of coffee in Bolaang Mongondow North Sulawesi which is analized by Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) value and to know the input and output price changes and its impact to the coffee farming comparative advantage. The area of research is selected by purposive method in Bolaang-Mongondow Regencies which are the production centre of coffee. The primarydata are collected through interview with 20 coffee farmers while the secondary data are gained from related institutions. Descriptive analysis using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) was implemented in the research to know the comparative advantage value. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the impact of prices changing to Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR). The result shows that coffee farming in Bolaang Mongondow has a comparative advantage which is indicated by the value of DRCR 0,0791. Both Private and Social benefit value are profitable. The p rivate benefit is Rp.5.821.590 and social benefit is Rp. 5.525.338.

Chrysanthemum flower is a type of ornamental flower plant cultivated in Indonesia which has good prospects for development and becomes a source of income that generates added value due to the inclusion of primary product processing elements into new products. The objective of this research is to analyze the benefits and added value of chrysanthemum flowers at the Berkat Anugerah Florist in Kakaskasen I Village, North Tomohon Sub District, Tomohon City. The benefit of this research is that it can provide a source of information about the added value and benefits of chrysanthemum. Methods of data collection, namely primary and secondary data as well as the variables measured in this study for a series of hanging round cranes, standard standing cranes, large standing cranes and table flowers. The results of the data obtained will then be processed and analyzed in more depth using added value analysis according to the hayami method. The research result showed that has been done showed that flower arrangements at the Florist which provide added value as follows for large standing bouquets have the greatest added value with an added value of Rp. 32,907.08, two hanging round cranes with an added value of Rp. 14,017.21, the three table flowers with an added value of Rp. 7,602.22 and finally a standard standing crane with an added value of Rp. 7,377.78. Meanwhile, the biggest profit for business owners is a large standing crane with a profit of Rp. 32407.08. Then the hanging crane with a profit of Rp. 13017.21. Standard standing faucet with a profit of Rp. 6,477.77. Table interest with the smallest profit of Rp. 6.102,22.

This study aims to determine what factors affect maize production in Poigar District. This research was conducted in Poigar District where most of the people are farmers. This research activity was carried out from May to June in 2022. The results showed that the results of hypothesis testing in the F (simultaneous) test showed that together the variable land area, seed variable, urea fertilizer variable, phonska fertilizer variable, labor variable work, pesticide variables, and farming experience variables affect the amount of corn production in Poigar District. And testing the hypothesis on the T test that partially the factors that affect corn production at = 0.05 are factors that significantly affect corn production in Poigar District, namely factor (X1) land area, factor (X4) Phonska fertilizer, factor (X5) significant workforce in Poigar District.

North Minahasa Regency is the second-largest coconut plant center in North Sulawesi, with a coconut plantation area of 44,886 ha in 2018 (North Sulawesi Province in Figures, 2018). The plantation of coconut in North Minahasa Regency is a plantation of the people traditionally managed. Less development of rejuvenation coconut plantation causes an increase in the proportion of coconut plantation that its age relatively old has been cut down because it is not productive anymore. Cutting down is causing an increase in unproductive land under the coconut tree. This land can be used to grow other plants such as corn, papaya, chilli, ginger, banana and economic plants that will increase the income of coconut’s farmer. The objective of this research is to: 1) assess and analyze the existing condition of diversification and revenue land farming coconut exists in the District of Minahasa Utara; 2) calculate and compare the income per hectare of any diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara, and 3) produce a recommendation policy that is associated with alternative types of diversification of land farming coconuts in the District of Minahasa Utara. Research result showed five types of income diversification of land, namely crop monoculture of coconut processed into copra. Crop monoculture of coconut processed into coconut grain, coconut processed into coconut grain with corn, coconut into coconut grain with papaya, coconut processed into coconut grain with chilli. Farming that gives the highest income is coconut processed into coconut grain with papaya.