We have developed reproducible micropropagation, callus culture, phytochemical, and antioxidant analysis protocols for the wild passion fruit species P. tenuifila, and P. setacea, native to the Brazilian endangered biomes Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Caatinga, by using seeds and explants from seedlings and adult plants. Genotype and explant origin-linked differences are visible amongst the Passiflora species concerning callus production, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity. The protocols developed for screening phytochemicals and antioxidants in P. tenuifila and P. setacea callus extracts have shown their potential for phenolic production and antioxidant activity. The high level of phenolic compounds seems to account for the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of P. tenuifila derived from 45-day-old immature seed callus. The methanolic extracts of callus derived from P. setacea seedling leaf node and cotyledonary node explants have shown the highest antioxidant activity despite their lower content of phenolics, as compared to cotyledon callus extracts. The optimized micropropagation and callus culture protocols have great potential to use cell culture techniques for further vegetative propagation, in vitro germplasm conservation, and secondary metabolite production using biotic and abiotic elicitors.
O processo de filetagem de salm�o, realizado manualmente ou pelo uso de despolpadeiras (CMS: carne mecanicamente separada), gera um subproduto de elevado potencial para a alimenta��o humana, que ainda n�o possui uma destina��o adequada dentro do processo produtivo nas ind�strias aliment�cias. A perda dessa mat�ria prima traz � tona a necessidade de se viabilizar alternativas para seu aproveitamento e, conseq�entemente, para gera��o de novos produtos. Atrav�s desse trabalho, buscou-se produzir novos produtos � base de salm�o como alternativa de destina��o a esse subproduto da ind�stria, objetivando gerar resultados referentes a aceitabilidade e inten��o de compra. Foram elaboradas quatro formula��es: uma de esfirra, duas de pizza e uma de torta salgada, as quais foram codificadas e analisadas por avaliadores n�o treinados, totalizando 321 an�lises. A avalia��o do grau de aceita��o quanto aos quesitos odor e sabor foi realizada atrav�s do teste de escala hed�nica estruturada em nove pontos (9 - gostei muit�ssimo; 8 - gostei muito; 7 - gostei moderadamente; 6 - gostei ligeiramente; 5 - nem gostei/nem desgostei; 4 - desgostei ligeiramente; 3 - desgostei moderadamente; 2 - desgostei muito; 1 - desgostei muit�ssimo). A an�lise de inten��o de compra foi conduzida atrav�s de uma escala de atitude de compra baseada em cinco pontos (1- Decididamente eu compraria; 2- Provavelmente eu compraria; 3- Talvez sim / Talvez n�o; 4- Provavelmente eu n�o compraria; 5- Decididamente eu n�o compraria). Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos � an�lise estat�stica e mostraram que as formula��es Pizza 2 e Torta salgada obtiveram a melhor aceita��o, por�m para a Pizza 1 e Esfirra as avalia��es tamb�m foram boas, n�o havendo diferen�as significativas entre elas. Conclui-se que esses produtos tiveram uma grande aceita��o pelos avaliadores, constituindo-se de uma alternativa para o aproveitamento desse subproduto do processamento do salm�o.
Crab meat, a source of great nutritional and chemical wealth, is much appreciated for its distinctive taste in culinary preparations. However, because it is a fish, it is a highly perishable product, making due care necessary to ensure food safety and thus make it possible to enjoy the benefits of its consumption. In general, in Brazil, the crustacean is processed by the riverside artisans, without the necessary attention to hygienic-sanitary procedures. This article shows a possibility of semi-automated processing, as an alternative to the manual method practiced in the country, aiming at a better quality meat. The aim of this paper was to analyze the influence of manual and semi-automated processing on meat quality through physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes.
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