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In a controlled study of T-Group effectiveness in a correctional institution,' it appears that such a group benefited the members. Seveen female supervisors participated in a sensitivity group twice a week for three months. These women showed an increment in self-reported positive adjectives from preto posttest. Of greater importance was the fact that there was a concomitant increase in positive adjectives used in descriptions of the supervisors by the residents of the institution. During the same time, a matched group of control Ss showed a significant decrease in the number of positive adjectives ascribed to them. These results were maintained after a one-year period. The data suggest that T Groups may be valuable as a staff training method in correctional institutions-where the aim increasingly is positive rehabilitation.

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Study 1 compared the short-term recall of tngrams that had been rated as liked or disliked by 23 elderly (age > 60) outpatients diagnosed as major depressive; 23 matched, normal elderly individuals; and 23 younger control subjects As we hypothesized, the depressed patients recalled more tngrams that they rated as disliked than tngrams they rated as liked. Both normal groups had the opposite pattern, but younger control subjects recalled significantly more liked tngrams than did older subjects Study 2 measured the differential recall of the elderly depressives while level of depression was manipulated through successful therapy. As we hypothesized, the change from a depressed to a nondepressed state across therapy correlated with a change from the superiority of disliked tngrams in recall to a supenonty of liked tngrams in recall. Implications for the relation between mood disorder, affective tone, and differential recall are discussed Recent studies of experimentally induced mood state have demonstrated differential effects on the recall of information of positive and negative hedonic tone (Bower, 1981; Isen,

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of encounter group experience on locus of control. Two phases are reported. In the first phase, 39 graduate students were assigned to three professionally led experimental encounter groups and one no-treatment control group. In the second phase (replication), 44 equivalent subjects were assigned to four groups. The three experimental encounter groups were led by supervised graduate students. The Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control scale was administered to each subject before and after the encounter experience. Significant increases in internal locus of control occurred as a result of encounter group experience. These experiences were discussed as a potent means for inducing cognitive behavioral change. Implications of the modification of generalized expectancies were noted, and future studies were considered.Recently, evidence has been accumulating to demonstrate differential effects of encounter group training. Several studies have indicated that professionally led groups effect a wide range of member behaviors. For example, encounter group training has been shown to increase sensitivity to verbal (Bunker, 1965) and nonverbal behavior