Population aging is a global trend that has drawn attention to policies to encourage a productive life and delayed retirement. Thus, it is necessary to expand our understanding of the effects of work on health indicators and well-being in old age. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of permanency in the labor market with sociodemographic and medical factors and life satisfaction in elders. We used the database from Study FIBRA-RJ including elderly (aged > 65) clients of a private health care plan who resided in northern districts of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Among the 626 participants, 82 (13,1%) maintained paid jobs. Multiple logistic regression showed that the odds of remaining working among the elderly were higher for men; and those with 9 years of studies or more, and those with high income; and those with no disabling clinical conditions and with higher satisfaction with life. This study confirms that work activities in old age are associated with better social and physical health conditions. Moreover, we observed that the maintenance of work activities was associated with higher life satisfaction, independent of socioeconomic and clinical characteristics in old age.
RESUMOEste estudo teve por objetivo identificar as características psicossociais do processo de formação de professores, especificamente do contato inicial com práticas de ensino junto a alunos com deficiência. Participaram da pesquisa 70 universitários de licenciatura de Educação Física. Foram realizadas observações, entrevistas em grupo e análise documental. A partir da análise de conteúdo, os dados indicaram três características psicossociais desse processo: atribuição de origem social às dificuldades vivenciadas na relação; presença de forte mobilização subjetiva; e necessidade de mediação para lidar com a percepção de desequilíbrio entre o conhecimento prévio e a realidade de trabalho. A pesquisa revelou a necessidade de os universitários discutirem a questão da deficiência e deslocarem sua percepção para as possibilidades dos alunos com deficiência. Além disso, os resultados mostram que os professores, o próprio aluno com deficiência e o conhecimento produzido são imprescindíveis na mediação entre o universitário e a atividade pedagógica a ser desenvolvida.Palavras-chave: educação especial; alunos com deficiência; formação de professores. RESUMENEse estudio tuvo por objetivo identificar las características psicosociales del proceso de formación de los profesores, específicamente del contacto inicial con alumnos con deficiencia. Participaron 70 universitarios de Licenciatura en Educación Física. Fueron realizadas observaciones, entrevistas en grupo y análisis documental. A partir de la análisis del contenido, los datos indicaron tres características psicosociales de ese proceso: atribución de origen social a las dificultades vividas en la relación; presencia de fuerte movilización subjetiva y necesidad de mediación para lidiar con la percepción del desequilibrio entre el conocimiento previo y la realidad del trabajo. La pesquisa reveló la necesidad de los universitarios discutieren la cuestión de la deficiencia y cambiaren su percepción para las posibilidades de los alumnos con deficiencia. Además, los resultados muestran que los profesores, el proprio alumno con deficiencia y el conocimiento producido son imprescindibles en la mediación entre el universitario y la actividad pedagógica a ser desarrollada.Palabras clave: educación especial; alumnos con deficiencia; formación de profesores. ABSTRACTThis research aimed to identify the psychosocial characteristics of the process of teacher education, specifically the initial contact with teaching practices with students with disabilities. Participants were 70 undergraduate students of Physical Education. It was used observation, group interviews and documental analyses. From content analyses, the data indicated three psychosocial characteristics of this process: attribution of social origin for the difficulties experienced in the relationship; presence of strong subjective mobilization, and need for mediation to deal with perception of imbalance between prior knowledge and the reality of work. The study revealed the need for future teachers to discuss the issue...
BACKGROUND: The Quota Law in Brazil determines that the organizations with over 100 workers must hire people with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this investigation was to verify the willingness of future professionals to work with people with disabilities. PARTICIPANTS: A survey was conducted with 341 Brazilian university students. METHODS: The following factors were taken into account: the Quota Law favorability (attitude); the conceptions about disability (beliefs); the evaluation of consequences (positive or negative) which the individual attributes to the fact of working with people with disabilities; and the perception of the level of difficulty to insert these people (beliefs about control). RESULTS: Three patterns of willingness have been identified: willingness guided by the focus on the disability; willingness guided by the instrumental focus; and willingness guided towards accessibility. It has also been verified that these forms of willingness were associated to the perception of difficulties in inserting people with disabilities. CONCLUSIONS: These results empirically reinforce the fact that part of the difficulties in inserting people with disabilities is found in the social environment and conditions, suggesting that these aspects need to be taken into account in the studies on attitudes towards people with disabilities.
/psicologia.v16n3p30-42. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review).
Considerando que o medo de quedas é vivenciado inclusive por idosos que nunca caíram, podendo levar a limitações nas atividades de vida diária, o presente estudo investigou a associação entre medo de cair e Atividades Avançadas de Vida Diária (AAVD) em idosos comunitários. A amostra foi composta por 645 idosos (65 anos ou mais), clientes de uma operadora de saúde, de ambos os sexos, entrevistados pelo Estudo FIBRA-RJ. Para avaliar o medo de cair foi utilizado a Escala Internacional de Eficácia de Quedas - Brasil (FES-I-BR). As AAVD foram avaliadas com inventário baseado na literatura, sendo a manutenção de 7 ou mais AAVD, do total de 12, considerada como melhor funcionalidade. A prevalência de medo de queda foi 5% menor para idosos com pior funcionalidade para AAVD comparado àqueles com melhor funcionalidade. Esta associação entre o medo de cair e AAVD foi independente da fragilidade, idade, sexo, histórico de quedas, autopercepção de saúde, depressão, número de doenças crônicas e de medicação. Discute-se neste estudo se o desengajamento nas AAVD seria um mecanismo adaptativo na velhice e possíveis estratégias para redução do medo de quedas em idosos.
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