This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol (RES) on bone metabolism and bone turnover related indexes in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats. 48 clean grade adult healthy unmated female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including normal control group (NCG), osteoporosis model group (OP MG), estrogen treatment group (17β-E2 group), RES low dose group (RES-L), RES medium-dose group (RES-M) and RES high dose group (RES-H). The rats in NCG and OP MG were given distilled water once a day and the rats in the other two groups were given 17β-E2 and resveratrol respectively. The levels of serum calcium (S-Ca), serum phosphorus (S-P), urinary calcium (U-Ca/Cr) and urinary phosphorus (U-P/Cr) were measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The levels of serum osteocalcin (BGP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), type I amino front-end peptide (PINP), type I collagen strong carboxyl peptide (CTX-I), urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and serum estrogen were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the OP group, the serum estrogen levels, S-Ca and S-P decreased significantly and the expression of U-Ca/Cr and U-P/Cr increased significantly (P< 0.05). Compared with the OP group, the expression of S-Ca and S-P increased significantly and the expression of U-Ca/Cr and U-P/Cr decreased significantly (p< 0.05) after treatment. The levels of TRAP, BGP, DPD and CTX-I in the OP group increased significantly (P< 0.05). Compared with the OP group, the levels of TRAP decreased significantly (P< 0.05). The levels of PINP and ALP in OP MG increased significantly (P< 0.05). IP and ALP increased in the middle and lower levels (P< 0.05). The bone mineral density of the OP group decreased significantly (P< 0.05). Resveratrol can affect the changes in bone turnover in ovariectomized rats, promote bone formation in low estrogen state and inhibit bone resorption. Resveratrol may have a protective effect on the bone of ovariectomized rats.

(BUN, 9.58 ± 0.72 mmol/L, p < 0.05), but increased levels of urine uric acid (39.23 ± 8.22 mg/L, p < 0.05) and urine creatinine (32.24 ± 1.69 mmol/L, p < 0.05)

Background: This study sought to explore the plausible mechanism of the cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes by analyzing the levels of serum amyloid β-protein (Aβl-42), adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP).Methods: Eighty-four patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 60 healthy people were selected as the participants for this study. Clinical data were collected using self-made questionnaires. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) scale was used to access cognitive functions. The serum Aβl-42 and adiponectin levels were individually determined by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). CRP was detected using a Siemens BNP II specific-protein analyzer.Results: Patients in the case group had significantly lower immediate memory, visual span, speech function, attention, and delayed memory scores on the RBANS scale than patients in the control group. The Aβl-42 levels of patients in case group were significantly higher than those of patients in the control group. The age of patients was significantly negatively correlated to RBANS scale subtest scores and standard scores in the case group. The number of years of schooling was significantly positively correlated to immediate memory, visual span, attention, delayed memory scores, and standard scores, but negatively correlated with speech function. After adjusting for age and the number of years of schooling, the Aβl-42 levels of patients in the case group were significantly negatively correlated with immediate memory, attention, delayed memory scores, and standard scores (P<0.05). The adiponectin levels of patients in the case group were positively correlated with RBANS scale subtest scores and standard scores (P<0.05).Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes patients suffered from cognitive impairment. It appears that the mechanism may be associated with increased serum Aβl-42 levels, decreased adiponectin levels and inflammation reaction. The detection of serum Aβl-42 and adiponectin could be used as indicators of the degree of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes.