We report a 9-year-old girl with cereulide-producing Bacillus cereus food poisoning, who developed fulminant hepatitis, renal and pancreatic insufficiency, shock, and prolonged seizures. She was transferred to our institution for hepatic transplantation before her diagnosis was established. As a result of rapid identification of the microorganism and supportive care, liver transplantation was avoided, and she recovered fully.

Objective: The present study investigated the relationship between serum leptin concentrations and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in a large study group of elderly individuals with special consideration of body composition and body fat distribution as possible confounders. Design and methods: The subjects were 122 women (age: 69 Ϯ 6 years, body mass index (BMI): 26.3 Ϯ 3.6 kg/m 2 ) and 82 men (age: 69 Ϯ 5 years, BMI: 26.0 Ϯ 2.6 kg/m 2 ). RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry and body composition by the bioelectrical impedance method. Serum leptin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.Results: There was a strong correlation between fat mass (FM) and serum leptin levels in both sexes. An age-related decline in leptin levels adjusted for FM was observed only in the women. After adjustment of RMR for both fat-free mass (FFM) and FM, leptin levels were not associated with RMR. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, FFM was the main predictor of RMR, explaining 35.8% and 47.6% of the variance of RMR in men and women respectively. FM did not explain variance in RMR in men, but accounted for 2.6% of the variance in RMR in women. Waist-hip-ratio and age influenced RMR only in males, explaining 5.7% and 4.0% of the variance in RMR respectively. Conclusion: Leptin is not a significant predictor of RMR in the elderly, but body composition and distribution of body fat are significantly associated with RMR.

We found no significant influence of genetic factors for activity, attention, and impulsivity. The authors conclude that further investigation of heritability of ADHD is necessary using larger sample sizes and objective measures.

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