Rural-urban migration is a common demographic phenomenon in developing countries. Over the last four decades, Indonesia has had the highest rate of urbanization among Asian countries, which has been driven primarily by rural-urban migration. This type of migration has strong economic and social impacts on individuals at both the origins and the destinations. The study analyses the patterns and impacts of rural-urban migration based on the migration motives of rural households. The difference-in-differences approach is applied to identify migration's impact on the welfare of migrant households in rural areas based on migration motives. The study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data from 2007 and 2014, which consists of 2007 household samples spread over 13 provinces. Migration is found to have a positive and significant impact on migrant household welfare based on investment motives, but an insignificant result regarding the impact of migration based on risk-coping motives. Also found is the difference in migration patterns between the two migration motives.

Collateral Effect to Bank Loan Probability for Microenterprises in West SumateraThis paper reveals that West Sumatera banking sector are more likely using the availability of collateral for the credit to micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME). Using 384 sample size from MSME in West Sumatera, if a MSME have enough collateral, the probability of their credit application to be rejected by banks will fall from 59.9% to 11.7% comparing to they don’t have enough collateral. This finding proved a credit guarantee scheme is needed, and for the further study it is recommended to conduct research on the characteristic of the potentials of MSME as a credit scoring model for banks.Keywords: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises; Banking Credit; Logistic Model AbstrakPenelitian ini membuktikan bahwa perbankan di Sumatera Barat cenderung untuk menggunakan jaminan yang cukup sebagai dasar penolakan dan pemberian kredit yang diajukan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Menggunakan data hasil survei dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 384 UMKM di Sumatera Barat, penulis menemukan bahwa peluang sebuah aplikasi kredit yang diajukan UMKM ditolak akan berkurang dari 59,9% menjadi 11,7% jika UMKM tersebut memiliki jaminan yang cukup. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya sistem penjaminan kredit untuk UMKM dan sekaligus merekomendasikan untuk melakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengindentifikasi karakteristik UMKM yang memiliki potensi yang baik dan pembuatan model kredit scoring.

West Sumatra is one of the Province in Indonesia that has potential of marine resources both public and marine waters. However, this potential has not been optimally managed so as not to contribute significantly to the welfare of the people and economic growth of West Sumatra Province. This analysis is aimed to produce a policy or strategy of marine fishery-based regional development in West Sumatra Province. The results of the study show that the leading commodities of marine fishery of West Sumatra Province were (1). species of small pelagic fish comprise of torpedo fish, talang-talang, bigeye, anchovy, greenstripe scad, yellowstripe scad and mackerel, (2). species of big pelagic fish comprise of selendang shark, frigate tuna, cowboy shark, indo-pacific king mackerel, bottle shark, black marlin, sail fish and mouse shark/monkey shark; (3). species of damersal fish comprose of senuk, peperek, large head hair tail, nomei/lomei fish, kapas-kapas, jenaha, gaji fish and giant trevally, and (4). species of coral fish are kerapu balong, kerapu Karang, yellow tail fish, and napoleon fish.

In thls paper a declsbn support system (DSS) dedicated to the study of expansbn polkles for power generation systems Is presented. The cornerstone of thls DSS Is a new trkrlterta lnteractlve algorithm named TRIMAP, whkh Is also briefly discussed (for details see (S,S]). Special emphasls has been placed on lnteractlve graphlcal capablllles In order to facilitate the decision maker (DM) tasks In all the components of the DSS: data Input, formulation of the trkriterla llnear progammlng problem, probablllstlc computations and dlakgue mechanlsms wlth the DM for speclfylng the dlrectbn of search.Tradltbnally llnear pmgrammlng models judge generation expansion planning problems by consldering as single objective the total system coa p]. Nowadays several social measures and securlty conslderatbns have also become essential to evaluate the relative merlts of altemative schemes. In thls paper the three objective functbns quantify the total system cost, the risk of supply failure and the envlronmental Impact.

The study aims to analyses the reasons behind migrations motives among rural household based on household and area origin characteristic. The study used IFLS data of 2007 and 2014 consisting 2,581 household samples spreading in 13 provinces. Binomial and multinomial logit model was used to estimate probability to migrate based on migration motive. We found the contradictory effect of household income on decision to migrate between motives. Income has negative effect in risk coping as migration motives, otherwise have positive effect in investment motive. --------------------------------------- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alasan dibalik motif migrasi di antara rumah tangga perdesaan berdasarkan karakteristik rumah tangga dan karakteristik daerah asal. Penelitian ini menggunakan data IFLS tahun 2007 dan 2014 yang terdiri dari 2.581 sampel rumah tangga yang tersebar di 13 provinsi. Model binomial dan multinomial logit digunakan untuk memperkirakan probabilitas untuk bermigrasi berdasarkan motif migrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan efek kontradiktif dari pendapatan rumah tangga pada keputusan untuk bermigrasi di antara motif. Pendapatan memiliki efek negatif  dalam mengatasi risiko sebagai motif migrasi, sebaliknya memiliki efek positif dalam motif investasi.