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PurposeToday heritage is of strategic importance not only because of its historical value, but also due to the capacity to sustain traditional philosophy. A problem arose in association with the overcommercialisation of heritage that led to a question of how the citizens react to the problem and the emerging values. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between heritage conservation practices conducted by the government and local people. Design/Methodology/ApproachThis study used qualitative analysis to investigate official documents and newspapers. In-depth interviews were used to elaborate citizens' perception about heritage values. Findings There were connection and disconnection between the implementation of heritage conservation policy and citizens' opinions about conservation practices. The connection should be maintained to anticipate the change of meanings and overcome problems stemmed from heritage tourism and the uncontrolled urban development. Research Limitations/ImplicationsThis study bridged a possibility of evaluating the impact of urban development on heritage value by assessing perspectives from different social actors. It was evidenced that the official and unofficial values of heritage are differently recognised. However, this study had a limitation in terms of the social group involved in interviews. The analytical framework of this research needs to be developed incorporating quantitative analysis with a survey of particular population in Yogyakarta. This kind of study is essential to discovering how the population reacts to urban development and heritage sites. Social/Practical ImplicationsThe government should not dominate the practice of heritage conservation. It is essential to maintain the cultural authenticity of heritage by involving general public in monitoring urban development surrounding heritage sites. Originality/ValueThis study provides a framework for integrating different perspectives to better recognise and manage heritage sites and the overall urban landscape. This framework can be used as a foundation for evaluating heritage impact relating to societal changes and the dynamics of urban development.

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The heritage of Yogyakarta is always situated in a dynamic urban environment. Heritage conservation has been challenged by a lack of understanding on the ideological process in the creation of meanings. This paper investigates the creation process of urban space that is currently appreciated as heritage. The paper uses the city of Yogyakarta as the case study because its uniqueness as a mix of traditional and colonial cities. The study uses the concept of meaning production to understand the association between the construction of urban space and ideological meanings. This concept corresponds to the creation of urban objects and the recognition of meanings in the society. This study uses data sourced from a literature study. As the result, the process of meaning production has demonstrated social and political forces in the construction of traditional and colonial buildings. Situation in the past demonstrates urban space as a tool of political hegemony of traditional court and colonialist. A different social milieu in the present day changes the conflicting ideologies into history. Therefore, the urban structure expresses political strategies of relevant authorities in proclaiming hegemony and regulating society. This study provides a basis for investigating the influence of ideologies on the meaning of heritage that corresponds to cultural significant.