Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a congenital disorder that is common, with the incidence of 30% of all congenital abnormalities. The incidence of congenital heart disease in developed countries and developing countries ranges from 6-10 cases per 1000 live births, with an average of 8 per 1,000 live births. Nutritional status of a person is basically the person's state of health as a reflection of food consumption and use by the body. Many factors influence the nutritional status of infants and children with congenital heart disease. Nutritional status of patients with CHD is influenced nutrient inputs, energy requirements, dietary components. Objective: Knowing the relationship between congenital heart disease with nutritional status in children. Methods: This study is a retrospective analytic approach. The subjects were all children with congenital heart disease who are hospitalized in the Section of Child Health, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado in 2009-2013. The data taken in the form of data gender of the child, the child's age, weight and height as well as nutritional status. Data analysis was performed by Chi-Square test. Result: The number of respondents were 53 children, 34 boys and 19 girls. Types of congenital heart disease is the most common type of Atrial Septal Defect. Most people with experience malnutrition (54.7%), followed by poor nutrition (37.8%) and good nutrition (7.5%). With Chi-Square test of the hypothesis, obtained p-value = 0.045 which suggests a link between congenital heart disease with nutritional status in children. Conclusion: Based on the results of congenital heart disease associated with poor nutritional status in children or less. Keyword: congenital heart disease, nutritional status. Abstrak: Penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) merupakan kelainan bawaan yang sering dijumpai, dengan angka kejadian 30% dari seluruh kelainan bawaan.1 Insiden PJB dinegara maju maupun negara berkembang berkisar 6 – 10 kasus per 1000 kelahiran hidup, dengan rata-rata 8 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Status gizi seseorang pada dasarnya merupakan keadaan kesehatan orang tersebut sebagai refleksi dari konsumsi pangan serta penggunaannya oleh tubuh.1 Banyak faktor ikut mempengaruhi status gizi pada bayi dan anak dengan PJB.2 Status gizi penderita PJB dipengaruhi masukan nutrien, kebutuhan energi, komponen diet.1 Tujuan: Mengetahui adanya hubungan antara penyakit jantung bawaan dengan status gizi pada anak. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Subjek penelitian adalah semua anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan yang dirawat inap di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2009-2013. Data yang diambil berupa data jenis kelamin anak, umur anak, berat badan dan tinggi badan anak serta status gizi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Jumlah responden sebanyak 53 anak, 34 anak laki-laki dan 19 anak perempuan. Jenis PJB yang paling banyak diderita adalah jenis Atrial Septal Defect. Kebanyakan penderita mengalami gizi kurang (54.7%), diikuti dengan gizi buruk (37.8%) dan gizi baik (7.5%). Dengan uji hipotesis Chi-Square, didapatkan p-value = 0.045 yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara penyakit jantung bawaan dengan status gizi pada anak. Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan penyakit jantung bawaan berhubungan dengan status gizi buruk atau kurang pada anak. Kata Kunci: penyakit jantung bawaan, status gizi.
Every cells in human body needs oxygen to implement metabolism function, therefore the process maintenance oxygenation is an effort to determine the needs of supply oxygen to every cells in human body. Oxygen saturation is one of a value that we must consider on determine the needs of supply oxygen in our body especially in newborn because when the oxygen saturation is low will reduce the supply oxygen to cells. The result of paired T-test says that there are significant changes between first day and third day of oxygen saturation in newborn (p <0,001).Keywords. oxygen saturation, newbornAbstrak: Setiap sel tubuh manusia membutuhkan oksigen untuk melaksanakan fungsi metabolisme, sehingga mempertahankan oksigenasi adalah upaya untuk memastikan kecukupan pasokan oksigen ke jaringan atau sel. Saturasi oksigen merupakan salah satu hal yang patut kita perhatikan dalam penilaian kecukupan pasokan oksigen pada tubuh kita terutama pada bayi baru lahir karena ketika saturasi oksigen rendah maka mengakibatkan pasokan oksigen ke jaringan berkurang. Hasil uji t berpasangan menyatakan ada perbedaan yang sangat bermakna (p < 0,001).Kata kunci: saturasi oksigen, bayi baru lahir
Severe congenital malaria associated with is uncommon. In Indonesia, most congenital malaria cases are due to infections. Most cases of congenital or neonatal malaria in endemic areas are diagnosed from peripheral smear as part of routine sepsis workup. Differentiating congenital and acquired neonatal malaria is very difficult. The case presented in this study describes severe malaria with cholestatic jaundice and sepsis-like signs and symptoms in neonates. The mother was asymptomatic and the neonate was successfully treated with intravenous artesunate. Severe malaria with cholestatic jaundice in neonates is an uncommon condition that should be included in the differential diagnosis of infants displaying hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, cholestatic jaundice, and hepatosplenomegaly in malaria-endemic zones. Early diagnosis can prevent the use of unnecessary antibiotics and mortality of neonates.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Tb) is still a public health problem. The prevalence of pulmonary Tb from year to year in Manado is still high even though the management of strategy is relatively the same- prevention by immunization, case finding, and treatment strategy with supervision and with DOT directly. Prevention with immunization results in better body resistance. Immunization against Tb is required in some countries and is recommended in several other countries. Although the majority of toddlers are already BCG vaccinated there are still many pulmonary Tb cases among children in Manado. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between the BCG immunization and pulmonary TB occurence in children in Tuminting Primary Health Care, Manado. The results showed that at Tuminting Primary Health Care most of the toddlers had been BCG immunized. Tuberculosis was found among toddlers aged >3 years and there was a significant correlation between BCG immunization and the occurence of tuberculosis with an OR 0.804. Keywords: immunization BCG, occurence of TB Abstrak: Penyakit TB paru sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Prevalensi TB paru dari tahun ke tahun di Kota Manado tetap tinggi meskipun strategi penanganan yang diterapkan relative sama, yaitu pencegahan dengan imunisasi. penemuan penderita, dan pengobatan dengan strategi DOT atau dengan pengawasan minum obat secara langsung. Pencegahan dengan imunisasi merupakan tindakan yang mengakibatkan seseorang mempunyai ketahanan tubuh yang lebih baik. Imunisasi terhadap penyakit TB telah diwajibkan di beberapa negara serta direkomendasikan di beberapa negara lainnya. Penyakit TB banyak terjadi pada anak di Kota Manado padahal anak balita tersebut sebagian besar sudah divaksinasi BCG. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian TB Paru pada anak di Puskesmas Tuminting Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar anak balita yang berobat di Puskesmas Tuminting telah diberikan imunisasi BCG. Kejadian tuberkulosis ditemukan pada umur >3 tahun dan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemberian imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru dengan nilai OR 0,804.Kata kunci: imunisasi BCG, kejadian TB paru
Neonatal sepsis is still a major problem in the field of neonatal care and services. The incidence of sepsis in developing countries is high at 1.8 to 18 per 1000 live births with a mortality rate of 12-68%. This happens because many risk factors for infection in the perinatal period that can not be prevented and addressed. Some of the risk factors associated with sepsis are Apgar scores and birth weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Apgar scores and birth weight with sepsis. The research method used is analytic observational prospective study conducted in the department of Prof.Dr.RD Kandou Neonati Subdivision Manado during November 2012 to January 2013. Research subjects are babies with sepsis and not sepsis. The result showed 50 infants suspected sepsis. 40 infants with proven sepsis and 10 infant sepsis. By using the Fisher Exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis found (p = 0.999> α = 0.05 (R) = 0.377). The conclusion of this study is that the data obtained from infants with neonatal sepsis have low Apgar scores and low birth weight with the highest percentage. With a statistical test there was no correlation between Apgar scores and birth weight with neonatal sepsis. Keywords: neonatal sepsis, Apgar scores, birth weight Abstrak: Sepsis neonatorum masih merupakan masalah utama di bidang pelayanan dan perawatan neonatus. Angka kejadian sepsis di negara berkembang cukup tinggi yaitu 1,8-18 per 1000 kelahiran hidup dengan angka kematian sebesar 12-68%. Hal ini terjadi karena banyak faktor risiko infeksi pada masa perinatal yang belum dapat dicegah dan ditanggulangi. Beberapa faktor resiko yang berhubungan dengan sepsis yaitu Apgar skor dan berat badan lahir. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara apgar skor dan berat badan lahir dengan sepsis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analitik observasional dengan studi prospektif yang dilakukan di Sub Bagian Neonati RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D.Kandou Manado selama bulan November 2012 sampai Januari 2013. Subjek penelitian ialah bayi dengan terbukti sepsis dan tidak sepsis. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 50 bayi tersangka sepsis. 40 bayi dengan terbukti sepsis dan 10 bayi tidak sepsis. Dengan menggunakan uji Fisher Exact dan analisis regresi logistik multipel didapatkan (p = 0,999 > α = 0,05 (R) = 0,377). Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah dari data diperoleh bayi dengan sepsis neonatorum memiliki apgar skor rendah dan berat badan lahir rendah dengan persentase terbanyak. Dengan uji statistik tidak terdapat hubungan antara Apgar skor dan berat badan lahir dengan sepsis neonatorum. Kata kunci : sepsis neonatorum, Apgar skor, berat badan lahir
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