PurposeThe present study was performed to compare the planning of implant placement based on panoramic radiography (PAN) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and to study the impact of the image dataset on the treatment planning.Materials and MethodsOne hundred five partially edentulous patients (77 males, 28 females, mean age: 46 years, range: 26-67 years) seeking oral implant rehabilitation were referred for presurgical imaging. Imaging consisted of PAN and CBCT imaging. Four observers planned implant treatment based on the two-dimensional (2D) image datasets and at least one month later on the three-dimensional (3D) image dataset. Apart from presurgical diagnostic and dimensional measurement tasks, the observers needed to indicate the surgical confidence levels and assess the image quality in relation to the presurgical needs.ResultsAll observers confirmed that both imaging modalities (PAN and CBCT) gave similar values when planning implant diameter. Also, the results showed no differences between both imaging modalities for the length of implants with an anterior location. However, significant differences were found in the length of implants with a posterior location. For implant dimensions, longer lengths of the implants were planned with PAN, as confirmed by two observers. CBCT provided images with improved scores for subjective image quality and surgical confidence levels.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, there was a trend toward PAN-based preoperative planning of implant placement leading towards the use of longer implants within the posterior jaw bone.

PurposeThis study was performed to determine the efficacy of observers' prediction for the need of bone grafting and presence of perioperative complications on the basis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiographic (PAN) planning as compared to the surgical outcome.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and eight partially edentulous patients with a need for implant rehabilitation were referred for preoperative imaging. Imaging consisted of PAN and CBCT images. Four observers carried out implant planning using PAN image datasets, and at least one month later, using CBCT image datasets. Based on their own planning, the observers assessed the need for bone graft augmentation as well as complication prediction. The implant length and diameter, the need for bone graft augmentation, and the occurrence of anatomical complications during planning and implant placement were statistically compared.ResultsIn the 108 patients, 365 implants were installed. Receiver operating characteristic analyses of both PAN and CBCT preoperative planning showed that CBCT performed better than PAN-based planning with respect to the need for bone graft augmentation and perioperative complications. The sensitivity and the specificity of CBCT for implant complications were 96.5% and 90.5%, respectively, and for bone graft augmentation, they were 95.2% and 96.3%, respectively. Significant differences were found between PAN-based planning and the surgery of posterior implant lengths.ConclusionOur findings indicated that CBCT-based preoperative implant planning enabled treatment planning with a higher degree of prediction and agreement as compared to the surgical standard. In PAN-based surgery, the prediction of implant length was poor.

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of a fluoridated medium on the mechanical properties of an internal hexagon implant-abutment set, by means of compression, mechanical cycling and metallographic characterization by scanning electronic microscopy. Five years of regular use of oral hygiene with a sodium fluoride solution content of 1500 ppm were simulated, immersing the samples in this medium for 184 hours, with the solutions being changed every 12 hours. Data were analyzed at a 95% confidence level with Fisher's exact test. After the action of fluoride ions, a negative influence occurred in the mechanical cycling test performed in a servohydraulic machine (Material Test System-810) set to a frequency of 15 Hz with 100,000 cycles and programmed to 60% of the maximum resistance of static compression test. The sets tended to fracture by compression on the screw, characterized by mixed ruptures with predominance of fragile fracture, as observed by microscopy. An evidence of corrosion by pitting on sample surfaces was found after the fluoride ions action. It may be concluded that prolonged contact with fluoride ions is harmful to the mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium structures.

Aim:The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of alveolar ridge measurements obtained with ridge mapping (RM) technique against cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements.Materials and Methods:Twenty partially edentulous patients were recruited for implant placement in the Clinic of San Martin de Porres University. For all the measurements, a vacuum-formed stent was fabricated for each subject. A buccal and lingual point was made in the stent to provide a reference of measurement for each implant site. RM measurements with the stent were obtained before and after surgical flap reflection. Two calibrated observers made the CBCT images measurements. T-test was used for the statistical analysis. Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Also, specificity and sensibility of CBCT and RM were compared. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC)_ was measure between CBCT measurements.Results:A total of 62 implants sites were evaluated. No statistical significant differences were obtained with CBCT and RM measurements (P = 0,207). Detecting proper buccal-lingual ridge, the sensitivity and specificity were 59% and 91% for RM while CBCT obtained 92% of sensitivity and 94% of specificity. Concordance was found “good” (ICC 0.82).Conclusion:Both methods provide valid measurements. Even though, we found diagnostic limitations in the RM, it demonstrated to be a useful method for its exactitude, low cost, the immediate result and no need of radiation. CBCT was recommended when the bone ridge width and height were in the less than ideal for conventional dental implant placement.

IntroducciónLa sonda periodontal continua siendo el instrumento más importante de diagnóstico en periodoncia (1-3) y se utiliza para valorar la profundidad de las bolsas periodontales y el nivel de inserción epitelial (4), midiendo la distancia existente entre la base de la bolsa o fondo de surco, a la línea de referencia, que usualmente es el margen gingival o la unión cemento adamantina (UCA) (2), obteniendo valores que podemos relacionarlos con la severidad de la enfermedad Evaluación del sondaje in vitro con cuatro sondas periodontales manuales, considerando el factor experiencia del examinador Adrianzen-Acurio CA, Coz-Fano MA, Noriega-Castañeda J. Evaluación del sondaje in vitro con cuatro sondas periodontales manuales, considerando el factor experiencia del examinador. Rev Estomatol Herediana. 2010; 20(3):119-126. RESUMEN El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar con cuál sonda periodontal se consigue mayor exactitud en el sondaje in vitro teniendo en cuenta el factor experiencia. La muestra estuvo conformada por seis examinadores, tres docentes y tres alumnos del programa de Maestría en Periodoncia de la USMP. Se usaron cuatro sondas: Marquis, OMS, Golman Fox y Carolina del Norte. Se utilizó un Modelo de Periodoncia 2 (PRODENS®) en el que se crearon defectos óseos de diferentes tamaños y opacando la encía que era transparente. Un primer sondaje fue realizado en condiciones extrabucales óptimas. Los valores obtenidos fueron registrados como Patrón de Oro. El modelo se instaló en un simulador OSCAR (KAVO®) con la finalidad de reproducir condiciones clínicas. Cada examinador realizó sondajes en cada una de las piezas en seis puntos, en cuatro sesiones diferentes, con un intervalo de una semana, utilizando una sonda periodontal diferente a la utilizada en la sesión previa e iniciando el procedimiento en regiones bucales distintas. Se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas: t de Student, ANOVA, de comparciones multiples de Scheffe, kappa y de Wilcoxon. Todas la sondas utilizadas no mostraron diferencia de comportamiento a la hora de registrar las mediciones (p>0,05) sin embargo cuando las evaluamos contrastando con la coincidencia intraoperador comenzamos a encontrar que las sonda Marquis y Carolina del Norte presentaron mejor desempeño (p<0,05). Finalmente se registro buena concordancia entre las medidas realizadas por los docentes y los maestrandos (p=0643). Palabras claves: BOLSA PERIODONTAL / REPRODUCIBILIDAD DE RESULTADOS.Evaluation of in vitro probing with four manual periodontal probes considering the experience of the examiner ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine which periodontal probe has more accuracy in in vitro probing considering the experience of the examiner. The sample were six examiners, three faculty members and three students of the Master in Periodontology at the USMP. Four probes were used: Marquis, WHO, Golman Fox and North Carolina. We also use aPeriodontology model (PRODENS®) where periodontal defects of different dimensions were made. Records were taken in extrabucca...