Projections are considered a useful tool in the planning of human resources for health. In Mexico, the supply and demand of specialist doctors are clearly disconnected, and decisions must be made to reduce labour market imbalances. Thus, it is critical to produce reliable projections to assess future interactions between supply and demand. Using a service demand approach, projections of the number of specialist physicians required by the three main public institutions were calculated using the following variables: a) recent recruitment of specialists, b) physician productivity and c) retirement rates. Two types of scenarios were produced: an inertial one with no changes made to current production levels and an alternative scenario adjusted by recommended productivity levels. Results show that institutions must address productivity as a major policy element to act upon in future contracting of specialist physicians. The projections that adjusted for productivity suggest that the hiring trends for surgeons and internists should be maintained or increased to compensate for the increase in demand for services. In contrast, due to the decline in demand for obstetric and paediatric services, the hiring of new obstetrician-gynaecologists and paediatricians should be reduced to align with future demand.
BackgroundCesarean deliveries have increased over the past decade in Mexico, including those states with high percentages of indigenous language speakers, e.g., Chiapas. However, the factors contributing to this trend and whether they affect indigenous languages populations remain unknown. Thus, this work aims to identify some of the factors controlling the prevalence of cesarean sections (C-sections) in Chiapas between the 2011–2014 period.MethodsWe analyzed certified birth data, compiled by the Subsystem of Information on Births of the Secretary of Health and the National Institute of Statistics and Geography, and information regarding the Human Development Index (HDI), assembled by the United Nations Development Program. A descriptive analysis of the variables and a multilevel logistics regression model were employed to assess the role of the different factors in the observed trends.ResultsThe results show that the factors contributing to the increased risk of C-sections are (i) women residing in municipalities with indigenous population and municipalities with high HDIs, (ii) advanced schooling, (iii) frequent prenatal checkups, and (iv) deliveries occurring in private health clinics. Furthermore, C-sections might also be associated with prolonged hospital stays.ConclusionsThe increasing frequency of C-sections among indigenous populations in Chiapas seems to be related to public policies aimed at reducing maternal mortality in Mexico. Therefore, public health policy needs to be revisited to ensure that reproductive rights are being respected.
Introducción: analizamos la prevalencia del parto vía cesárea en México para 2011-2014, buscando identificar algunos de los factores asociados a la presencia de cesárea durante el parto. Metodología: se realizó un análisis descriptivo y un modelo logístico multinivel con los registros de nacimientos del periodo 2011-2014, que incluye las características de la madre y del contexto. Resultados: se identificó que la presencia de factores relacionados con una mayor posibilidad de que el parto resulte en cesárea son mujeres que habitan municipios con población indígena, mayor escolaridad, mayor número de consultas prenatales, inicio temprano de estas y atenderse en clínicas privadas. También se identificó una mayor posibilidad de estancias prolongadas de hospitalización del parto si es por cesárea. Conclusiones: se observa un incremento en el número de cesáreas en hospitales públicos a partir del esquema de aseguramiento del Seguro Popular y se confirma la relación directa entre los múltiples factores analizados y la cesárea, entre ellos, mayor escolaridad, habitar en municipios predominantemente indígenas, así como en municipios con mayor índice de desarrollo humano.
Fuentes de información sobre población indígena en México: los problemas de la búsqueda de datos... Notas de Población N° 110 • enero-junio de 2020 entre la población indígena a lo largo de diversos períodos. El núcleo central de este artículo está conformado por el análisis de las fuentes de información encontradas y de los problemas que suponen los datos faltantes. Se observa que, en las diferentes fuentes revisadas, la pregunta más utilizada para identificar a la población indígena en México es si la persona habla alguna lengua indígena, aun cuando el uso de esta variable puede resultar problemática.
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