ResumenEn este artículo nos proponemos abordar algunas cuestiones de la equidad en la Educación Superior, desde la singular perspectiva de la realidad latinoamericana. Nuestro interés radica en dar cuenta de los modos y posiciones teóricas a través de las cuales se definen políticas de equidad en el campo de la Educación Superior y se establecen sentidos y significados sociales en torno a ellas. En la primera parte se realiza una breve caracterización de los escenarios de la Educación Superior en Latinoamérica, tanto en lo que se refiere a los procesos socio-políticos de carácter estructural, como a la dinámica de los sistemas Equity and higher education policies: latinoamerican perspectives. José Alberto Yuni Cecilia Evangelina Melendez Ana Griselda DiazUniversidad Nacional de Catamarca, Argentina AbstractIn this article we aim to address some issues of equity in higher education, from the particular perspective of Latin American reality. Our interest is highlight the fact of the theoretical and methodological positions through which equity policies are defined in the field of higher education and how social meanings and ways are established around them. In the first part, a brief description of the scenarios of higher education in Latin America is done, both in regard to the socio-political structural processes and the dynamics of higher education systems. In the second part, a conceptual reconstruction is approached

The aim of this article is to analyze the effects of the socio-political processes on the academic profession in Argentina from the life course perspective. The analysis of differences in the individuals' life course was made by dividing them into three groups, representing different generations of academics: the novel, the intermediate, and the consolidated. It is possible to link the way in which those groups have delineated their careers to key historical periods of the country. The assumption of the authors is that each generational group has delineated its academic life course under the performativity of university policies during different socio-political moments, building networks of relationships and life paths through elections, in the context of opportunities and obligations imposed by history and social circumstances. This article draws on research data from two projects: The Changing Academic Profession Project (henceforth CAP), based on a structured questionnaire answered by a probabilistic sampling of Argentine university professors in activity, and a qualitative study based on 80 in-depth interviews to academics on key topics that emerged from CAP study.

Our aim is to analyze the trajectories of Argentinian academics through the study of three different groups: novel, intermediate and consolidated. For each group, we consider socio-cultural background, academic capital, elapsed time between graduation and the first academic position, type of activities carried out at present time, and level of satisfaction. Our hypothesis is the trajectories of each generational academic group correspond to the performative conditions of university policies at different socio-political moments. Hence, it is possible to distinguish types of trajectories, corroborating previous theoretical advances.

En el marco de un conjunto de políticas públicas destinadas a disminuir las desigualdades sociales y contribuir al desarrollo de una mayor justicia social, se implementó en Argentina, a comienzos de 2014, el Programa de Respaldo a Estudiantes (Progresar), a fin de promover la formación, capacitación e inserción laboral de jóvenes de sectores socioeconómicos vulnerables. Este programa público experimentó con los años modificaciones en su diseño, instrumentación y definición de la población destinataria. Con ello en cuenta, nos proponemos caracterizar las variaciones que observó desde su inicio y describir las implicancias de tales modificaciones. El estudio permite identificar las diferentes etapas de la ejecución del programa y posibilita comprender las lógicas y fundamentos que subyacieron a los cambios que operaron sobre el mismo. Adquiere relevancia abordar el recorrido de Progresar, ya que permite conocer las diferentes interpretaciones sobre la potencialidad incluyente del programa, que albergaron las administraciones nacionales que se sucedieron durante tal evolución. La metodología combina la incursión teórico-conceptual concerniente a los contenidos principales de la cuestión, con la exploración, desde la perspectiva del modelo de marco secuencial, de la dimensión institucional del programa a través del examen detallado de los instrumentos legales y de los documentos oficiales específicos.

In this article it is proposed a theoretical- analytical reading about the manner in which inclusion policies in Argentinian high school interpellate school grammar during the last decade. In theory it is discussed the extent of the idea of interpellation; this permits the study of education policies and their effects in terms of performative manner and affectation to school logic, its production rules and functioning. School grammar it is conceptualized as a main source that generates and structures practices, identities and school discourses through which senses about schooling are built. According to this work's theoretical hypothesis, inclusion policies were directed to destabilize the components of that main generative source. In order to achieve this objective, the principal norms and actions of education policies trying to institutionalize new senses to this level are exposed. Such policies produced an interpellation to school ideology of school grammar that normalizes and classifies the subjects. The normative political changes having tendency to inclusion (in social, pedagogic and cultural dimensions) introduced a tertiary form that interpellates the main source of school grammar, which is organized in binary pairs of hegemonic opposed subordinates. That interpellation enables the arising of new cultural ideals and subjective and other institutional identifications.