Cinqüenta felinos hígidos, adultos - vinte e seis machos e vinte e quatro fêmeas - sem definição racial, com distintas idades, reunidos em dois grupos (GRUPO 1- animais domiciliados e GRUPO 2 - animais que rendados) de vinte e cinco animais cada. Após anamnese e prévia sedação, os gatos foram submetidos a exame físico e à otoscopia, comprovando-se a ausência de lesões meatais e timpânicas, com cureta de Buck e wragatoas estéreis, foi colhido material meatal, que foi então submetido a exames bacteriológico e micológico. No Grupo 1, foi evidenciado presença de Otodectes cynotis (4% das amostras), em 72% dos casos de bolores e leveduras (Cladosporium sp 66,6%, Malassezia sp 40%, Penicillium sp 33%, Aspergillus sp 33,3%, Rhodotorula sp 20,0%, Mycelia sp 13,3% e Alternaria sp, Aureobasidium sp, Ryzopus sp, Trichosporon sp, todos com 6,6%) e, finalmente, em 64% da amostragem, bactérias dos gêneros Staphylococcus spp (81,2%), Pseudomonas sp (12,5%), Klebsiella sp (12,5%), Acinetobacter sp, Bacilos difteróides, Enterobacter sp, Lactobacillus spp (todos com 6,2%). No Grupo 2, o Otodectes sp foi identificado em 36% das amostras, em 96% daquelas isolaram-se fungos dos gêneros: Malassezia sp - 54,1%, Aspergillus e Penicillium sp, ambos com 33,3%, Microsporum sp - 29,1%, Cladosporium sp - 16,6%, Trichoderma sp - 12,5%, Alternaria e Phoma sp, ambos com 8,3% e Epicoccum sp, Neurospora sp. Mycelia sp, Rhodotorula sp, todos com 4,1% e, por fim, em 20 das 25 amostras (80%) isolaram-se pelo menos uma cepa bacteriana (Staphylococcus spp 75%, Klebsiella sp 20,8%, Bacilos difteróides 12,5%, Pseudomonas sp, 8,3%) e Acinetobacter sp, Enterobacter sp e Escherichia sp, todos com 4,1% cada um em cultivo monoespecífico ou em associação.

Background: Vascular ring anomaly is considered a hereditary change. It occurs when the fourth right aortic arch persists instead of the fourth left aortic arch, forming a vascular ring that compress the esophagus causing esophageal dilatation cranial to the compression site. Diagnosis is based upon anamnesis, physical examination, clinical signs and complementary exams (radiograph, complete blood count and biochemical tests). The clinical treatment is inadequate, since the dilatation persists and tends to progress causing irreversible tissue injury. Surgical correction is indicated and consists of the arterial ligament resection and correction of the esophageal stenosis.Case: The objective of the current study is to report two case of persistence of right aortic arch in two cats referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria. On physical examination the patients were alert, in good nutritional status, adequately hydrated and presented normal colored mucous membranes. Each animal underwent radiog­raphy and esophagogram with barium sulphate. The exam demonstrated partial esophageal dilation cranial to the cardiac silhouette, suggestive of vascular ring anomaly. An exploratory thoracotomy was performed in order to achieve the definitive diagnosis. The arterial ligament was resected and esophageal stenosis corrected. Anesthesia, surgery and the postoperative period undergo without any complications. Patients remained hospitalized in the first 24 h for observation and were dis­charged after this period. Ten days surgery they returned for revaluation and removal of the skin suture. Four months after the surgical correction the animals underwent a new radiography and esophagogram examination. Radiographic findings evidenced persistence of esophageal dilation and narrowing of the esophageal lumen. Patients were evaluated periodically up to 10 months after surgery, verifying excellent quality of life and remission of clinical signs.Discussion: Vascular ring anomalies affects both dogs and cats, occurring more commonly in purebred dogs than in mixed breed. The literature reports cases in young Siamese and Persian cats, although the absolute numbers are insufficient to make conclusions about the racial predisposition. This case report enrolled two cases of PRAA in adult mixed breed cats (one male and one female from the same litter). Surgical correction is the recommended treatment for PRAA, either con­ventional or minimally invasive techniques. To assist the dissection of the fibrous ring and correction of esophageal stenosis we utilized a 22 Fr Foley catheter, introduced through the oral cavity to the esophageal stenotic area. The inflation of the balloon on the constricted area allows visualization of residual fiber rings and facilitates its dissection and removal. The PRAA mortality is associated with late diagnosis and the coexistence of aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, surgery should be performed as soon as possible after the onset of clinical signs, in order to reduce damage to the esophageal muscles and nerves. It is estimated that 80% of cases survived the postoperative period. In both cases, no clinical signs were observed, and there was a reduction of the esophageal diameter compared with the previous dilation, as well as better esophageal transit. Ten months after surgery, the animals returned for revaluation, presenting adequate body development and good quality of life. As shown in this case report, surgical intervention allowed for the accurate diagnosis and correction of PRAA in cats, with remission of clinical signs and full recovery of the animal.Keywords: cat, regurgitation, megaesophagus, thoracotomy, anomaly.

We aimed to reproduce the articular cartilage structural changes in a joint exposed to a metallic implant as in the adolescent pinned hip with persistent joint penetration and secondly, to test the effect of an interleukin inhibitor, diacerein (DAR) in the ensuing articular cartilage lesion. Twenty immature beagles were submitted to a surgical K-wire implantation in the hip with the material left in the joint space for 6 months. Twelve animals were sacrificed for histological and biochemical tests. Eight animals were sacrificed at 10 months (half of them treated with DAR) and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and biochemistry of the articular cartilage. Preoperative and monthly C3 and C4 complement and immunoglobulins serum levels were determined. The histological and the electrophoretic profile changes were significative at 6 months. At 10 months the migration profile (CaCl 2 ) recovered to normal levels in the operated hip and the SEM scores for the acetabulum were similar to the non operated control hip after treatment. The serum level of IgA was elevated at the 4th and 6th month postoperatively. The persistence of a metallic implant resulted in degenerative changes parallel to that described for hip chondrolysis as a complication of in-situ pinning; and the cartilage lesion improved with DAR treatment. ß

RUSSO, C.; IBAÑEZ, J. F. Utilização de pericárdio bovino conservado em glicerina 98% na herniorrafia perineal em cães -relato de 12 casos. Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 18, n. 3, p. 185-190, jul./set. 2015. RESUMO:A hérnia perineal é uma afecção de alta ocorrência na clínica de pequenos animais. A doença ocorre com maior frequência em cães machos, idosos e não castrados. A etiopatogenia é multifatorial e leva à atrofia da musculatura do diafragma pélvico. Os sinais clínicos dependem muito do conteúdo herniário. O diagnóstico é realizado pelo exame físico e exames complementares. O tratamento clínico é utilizado até o animal ter condição para realização do procedimento cirúrgico que é o de eleição. Várias técnicas cirúrgicas têm sido estudadas para diminuir os índices de recidiva. A utilização de membranas biológicas pode ser usada causando sustentação do diafragma pélvico atrofiado. O pericárdio bovino preservado é muito utilizado para falhas musculares e melhorar a sustentação de tecidos. Vários métodos de preservação de membranas têm sidos utilizados, com grande destaque para glicerina 98%. Foram avaliados 12 cães machos com hérnia perineal, na qual foi utilizado o pericárdio bovino conservado em glicerina 98% associado à técnica tradicional para a herniorrafia e orquiectomia pré-escrotal. Os cães sem raça definida foram os mais acometidos. Em cinco animais foram acometidos ambos os lados do diafragma pélvico. Somente um animal apresentou recidiva. O pericárdio bovino conservado em glicerina 98% possibilitou baixos índices de recidiva nos casos descritos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Biomaterial. Canino. Cirurgia. Diafragma pélvico. Hérnia. USE OF BOVINE PERICARDIUM PRESERVED IN 98% GLYCERINE IN PERINEAL HERNIORRHAPHY IN DOGS -12 CASE STUDIESABSTRACT: A perineal hernia is a condition of high occurrence in small animal clinics. The disease occurs more frequently in male, elderly and unneutered dogs. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, which leads to atrophy of the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm. Clinical signs depend much of the hernia contents. The diagnosis is made by physical examination and complementary tests. Clinical treatment is used until the animal presents condition for the surgical procedure, which is the election. Several surgical techniques have been studied to reduce the relapse rates. Biological membranes can be used to support the stunted pelvic diaphragm. The preserved bovine pericardium is widely used for muscle failure and to improve tissue support. Various membrane preservation methods have been used, with emphasis to 98% glycerin. A total of 12 male dogs with perineal hernia, in which the bovine pericardium preserved in 98% glycerin associated with the traditional technique of hernia repair and pre scrotal orchiectomy were evaluated. The mongrel dogs were the most affected. In five animals, both side of the pelvic diaphragm were affected. Only one animal had recurrence. The bovine pericardium preserved in 98% glycerin allowed low recurrence rates in the cases described. KEYWORDS: Biomate...

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