para evaluar las diferencias entre sexos, edad y empatía según el nivel de curso, previa la exploración de la normalidad con el test de Kolmogorov Smirnov. El alumnado de primer curso presentan en el nivel de empatía diferencias significativas con el resto. En nuestro medio deberían promoverse estudios longitudinales que analicen el efecto de la formación en las habilidades de comunicación de los estudiantes de Enfermería.

Objective:to develop and validate a scale to evaluate nursing attitudes in relation to hospitality for the humanization of nursing care. Participants: the sample consisted of 499 nursing professionals and undergraduate students of the final two years of the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program. Method:the instrument has been developed and validated to evaluate the ethical values related to hospitality using a methodological approach. Subsequently, a model was developed to measure the dimensions forming the construct hospitality. Results:the Axiological Hospitality Scale showed a high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s Alpha=0.901. The validation of the measuring instrument was performed using factorial, exploratory and confirmatory analysis techniques with high goodness of fit measures. Conclusions:the developed instrument showed an adequate validity and a high internal consistency. Based on the consistency of its psychometric properties, it is possible to affirm that the scale provides a reliable measurement of the hospitality. It was also possible to determine the dimensions or sources that embrace it: respect, responsibility, quality and transpersonal care.

No abstract

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la implicación en los cuidados de las familias en la Residencia de Ancianos San Juan de Dios de Sevilla. Estudio piloto de corte cuantitativo, descriptivo y con carácter observacional. Tras un proceso de muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia se ha conformado una muestra de 20 familiares de ancianos residentes, de los cuales 5 son hombres y 15 son mujeres. El instrumento para la recogida de datos es el cuestionario “Escala de sobrecarga del cuidador-Zarit”, y el análisis de datos se ha realizado mediante el programa estadístico SPSS 15.0. De los cuestionarios administrados, todos coinciden que la gran parte del cuidado de los ancianos la realiza el personal sanitario de la residencia, lo que implica que los resultados sean de no sobrecarga. Y afirman que el apoyo informal de los ancianos no cesa con la institucionalización. La implicación de los familiares en las residencias de ancianos cumple el objetivo de tener un papel colaborativo, en el que el familiar es la memoria y la voz de los ancianos que por el paso del tiempo o por la enfermedad que presentan no pueden responder a las dudas que les surgen a los profesionales sanitarios.

In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in studies demonstrating the positive effects of the religiosity/spirituality (R/S) approach on patients’ physical and mental health. In mental health units, patients want professionals to be sensitive to their spiritual and/or religious needs, which is a fundamental aspect of a holistic approach to patients. Qualitative research with an exploratory and descriptive design with an ethnographic-phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews with sixteen professionals from Spanish mental health units. There is no consensus on the definition of spirituality; however, all of them believe that R/S has a positive influence on the health of patients in coping with illness. They believe that their own R/S may interfere with the professional–patient relationship and their attention to spiritual needs. Few professionals address these needs, citing limitations such as lack of time and lack of specific training in spiritual care. More research is needed on the spiritual care of mental health professionals to define the framework, professional training, and associated challenges in the spiritual care of patients.